Acute toxicity of butachlor and atrazine to freshwater green alga Scenedesmus obliquus and cladoceran Daphnia carinata

Toxicity of Herbicides: Impact on Aquatic and Soil Biota and Human Health

“…Srivastava and Mishra [102] observed results that are in agreement with the findings of Zeljezic et al [101] and Çavas [84], in which the exposure to different concentrations of Gesaprim inhibited the mitotic index and increased the frequencies of micronuclei and chromosome aberrations in somatic cells of Allium cepa and Vicia faba. [20]. These results suggest that atrazine has a highly toxic potential for S. obliquus and slightly toxic for D. carinata, while butachlor exhibits a moderate toxic potential for both organisms.…”

“…These results suggest that atrazine has a highly toxic potential for S. obliquus and slightly toxic for D. carinata, while butachlor exhibits a moderate toxic potential for both organisms. Now, the analysis of the mixture atrazine-butachlor allowed the authors to verify that the toxic effects were significantly antagonistic for S. obliquus, and that there was no significant synergism for D. carinata [20].…”

“…This aquatic contamination is due to the use of these products in the control of aquatic plants, leachate and runoff of agricultural areas [40]. According to He et al [20], it is a growing public concern about the amount of herbicides that have been introduced into the environment by leachate and runoff, not to mention that the contaminations of the aquatic environments generally occur by a mixture of these compounds and not by isolated substances.…”

Tetrahymena pyriformis Phagocytic Activity Test for Rapid Toxicity Assessment of Aquatic Micropollutants

“…The T. pyriformis phagocytic activity test proved to be sensitive to the tested model substances in the 0.005─0.1 µg/L concentration range. The EC 50 values of the D. magna immobilization test were found at mg/L concentration level [19,38,41,43,45,48] [39,44,46,49], it can be concluded, that the phagocytic activity test exhibited higher sensitivity (at lower concentration levels) to the tested substances compared to the other above mentioned well established acute ecotoxicity tests. (Table 4).…”

Toxicidad Aguda De Tres Plaguicidas (Butaclor, Oxicloruro De Cobre Y Clorpirifos) Sobre El Anfípodo Bentónico Marino Apohyale Grandicornis (Kroyer, 1845) (Crustacea: Hyalidae)

“…La evaluación de los efectos de los plaguicidas ayudará a conocer como los organismos acuáticos podrían verse afectados por estas sustancias químicas (Palma et al, 2008;Yin et al, 2008;He et al, 2012;Nwani et al, 2013). Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer criterios de calidad y legislación para la protección de los ambientes acuáticos donde residen estos organismos (Iannacone &…”