Acute toxicity, biochemical and histological of fenitrothion and thiobencarb on fish Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Fouad, Mohamed Riad; El-Aswad, Ahmed Farahat; Aly, Maher Ibrahim

doi:10.13057/nusbiosci/n140213

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

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Behavioural Endpoints of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Potential Biomarkers for Evaluating the Ecotoxicity of Contaminants of Emerging Concern and Legacy Pollutants

Malafaia,

da Luz

2024

Fish Species in Environmental Risk Assessment Strategies

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Over the last decade, a range of studies have demonstrated that various fitness-related behaviours are vulnerable to disruption induced by various contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and legacy pollutants. However, the behavioural responses of animals when exposed to pollutants/contaminants are rarely included in discussions about the regulation of chemicals. Thus, to improve our understanding of the opportunities and challenges for behavioural ecotoxicology, this chapter presents a synthesis of the endpoints and experimental procedures used to evaluate the behavioural response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus – a non-conventional species in ecotoxicology) to different CECs and legacy pollutants. By focusing on the methodological possibilities to be used in evaluating the behaviour of this Neotropical species, we shed light on the feasibility and reasonableness of using this animal model as a complement or alternative to the use of model species traditionally used in toxicology.

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Behavioural Endpoints of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Potential Biomarkers for Evaluating the Ecotoxicity of Contaminants of Emerging Concern and Legacy Pollutants

Malafaia,

da Luz

2024

Fish Species in Environmental Risk Assessment Strategies

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Toxicological insight of metiram: immuno-oxidative, neuro-behavioral, and hemato-biochemical changes during acute exposure of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Shaalan,

Elbealy,

Darwish

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background The inappropriate use of pesticides including fungicides creates severe biological hazards that can endanger fish health and impede sustainable aquaculture. Objective This study investigated the negative impacts of metiram (MET), a fungicide on the health status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) for a 96-hour duration as an acute exposure in a static renewal system. Methods Three hundred fish (average body weight: 37.50 ± 0.22 g) were assigned into six groups (50 fish/group) with five replicates (10 fish/replicate). Fish were exposed to various six concentrations (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6, and 7.5 mg/L) of MET as a water exposure to for 96-hour without water exchange. The fish’s behavior, clinical signs, and mortalities were documented every day of the exposure period. Additionally, MET’s impact on blood profile, stress biomarkers, hepato-renal functions, immune-antioxidant status, and brain biomarker were closely monitored. Results The lethal concentration (LC50) of MET estimated using Finney’s probit technique was 3.77 mg/L. The fish’s behavior was severely impacted by acute MET exposure, as clear by an increase in surfacing, loss of equilibrium, unusual swimming, laterality, abnormal movement, and a decline in aggressive behaviors. The survivability and hematological indices (white and red blood cell count, differential white blood cell count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin) were significantly reduced in a concentration-dependent manner following MET exposure. Acute exposure to MET (1.5–7.5 mg/L) incrementally increased stress biomarkers (nor-epinephrine, cortisol, and glucose), lipid peroxides (malondialdehyde), and brain oxidative DNA damage biomarker (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine). A hepato-renal dysfunction by MET exposure (4.5–7.5 mg/L) was evidenced by the significant increase in the alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and creatinine values. Moreover, a substantial decline in the immune parameters (lysozyme, complement 3, serum bactericidal activity, and antiprotease activity) and antioxidant variables (total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) resulted from acute MET exposure. Conclusion According to these findings, the 96-hour LC50 of MET in Nile tilapia was 3.77 mg/L. MET exposure triggered toxicity in Nile tilapia, as seen by alterations in fish neuro-behaviors, immune-antioxidant status, hepato-renal functioning, and signifying physiological disturbances. This study emphasizes the potential ecological dangers provoked by MET as an environmental contaminant to aquatic systems. However, the long-term MET exposure is still needed to be investigated.

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Effects of microplastics, pesticides and nano-materials on fish health, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanism

Subaramaniyam,

Allimuthu,

Vappu

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Microplastics and pesticides are emerging contaminants in the marine biota, which cause many harmful effects on aquatic organisms, especially on fish. Fish is a staple and affordable food source, rich in animal protein, along with various vitamins, essential amino acids, and minerals. Exposure of fish to microplastics, pesticides, and various nanoparticles generates ROS and induces oxidative stress, inflammation, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, and DNA damage and alters gut microbiota, thus reducing the growth and quality of fish. Changes in fish behavioral patterns, swimming, and feeding habits were also observed under exposures to the above contaminants. These contaminants also affect the Nrf-2, JNK, ERK, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways. And Nrf2-KEAP1 signalling modulates redox status marinating enzymes in fish. Effects of pesticides, microplastics, and nanoparticles found to modulate many antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione system. So, to protect fish health from stress, the contribution of nano-technology or nano-formulations was researched. A decrease in fish nutritional quality and population significantly impacts on the human diet, influencing traditions and economics worldwide. On the other hand, traces of microplastics and pesticides in the habitat water can enter humans by consuming contaminated fish which may result in serious health hazards. This review summarizes the oxidative stress caused due to microplastics, pesticides and nano-particle contamination or exposure in fish habitat water and their impact on human health. As a rescue mechanism, the use of nano-technology in the management of fish health and disease was discussed.

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Acute toxicity, biochemical and histological of fenitrothion and thiobencarb on fish Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Behavioural Endpoints of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Potential Biomarkers for Evaluating the Ecotoxicity of Contaminants of Emerging Concern and Legacy Pollutants

Behavioural Endpoints of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Potential Biomarkers for Evaluating the Ecotoxicity of Contaminants of Emerging Concern and Legacy Pollutants

Toxicological insight of metiram: immuno-oxidative, neuro-behavioral, and hemato-biochemical changes during acute exposure of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Effects of microplastics, pesticides and nano-materials on fish health, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanism

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