Acute toxicity and surgical complications after preoperative (chemo)radiation therapy for rectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Should inflammatory bowel disease be a contraindication to radiation therapy: a systematic review of acute and late toxicities

“…Reported late toxicities in prostate cancer studies are also reported in Table 3B, with a range for late toxicity ≥ grade 2 of 6•3-17% for EBRT (2 studies reporting) and 0-38% for brachytherapy (4 studies reporting), and late toxicity ≥ grade 3 of 0% (1 study reporting) for EBRT and 0-15% for brachytherapy (3 studies reporting). When looking at those studies that only included gastrointestinal (GI) primary malignancies [9][10][11][12] , namely rectal and anal cancers, the reported range for acute toxicity ≥ grade 3 was 0-28% and the late toxicity ≥ grade 3 was 13% (Table 3B).…”

“…If a particular definition was used within the article of origin, that term was also used in the table for example, Willett et al 13 specified 'conventional' as 1•8-2 Gy fraction size photon irradiation and 'specialised' as specific RT techniques (small fields, decubitus position, proton beam irradiation or scheduled rest periods during treatment) or surgical procedures (clips to delineate tumor bed, omentoplasty or Dexon mesh) to minimise or avoid small and large bowel irradiation. For the data reported from Bosch et al, 12 short-course RT (SC-RT) is defined as pre-operative 5 Gy × 5 fractions given over a 5-to 7-day period, long-course RT (LC-RT) is defined as pre-operative radiation with 45-50 Gy given in 25-28 fractions of 1•8-2•0 Gy, and combined-modality chemoradiation (chemo-RT) is defined as fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy concurrent with long-course radiation schedule. The number of patients receiving a defined RT modality was not listed in chart if not specified in source article.…”

“…Several studies also compared toxicities with matched controls at their individual institutions 2,3,[10][11][12]14 and are highlighted in Table 4. In an abstract published in IJROBP, Rhome et al reported on 64 patients with IBD and a primary malignancy (mostly comprised of GI and prostate malignancies), with 42 of 64 patients treated with RT for their cancer and 22 of 64 treated without radiation.…”

Colon Cancer

“…Grade 3 or higher toxicity was overall 28% and not associated with the type of pre-operative therapy. The authors concluded that radiotherapy does not impose excessive rates of toxicity pre-or-post-operatively in IBD patients with rectal cancer, supporting the use of standard radiotherapy protocols in IBD patients with rectal cancer 70 .…”

No Association Between MicroRNA-608 rs4919510 G>C Polymorphism and Digestive System Cancers Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis Based on 10,836 Individuals

“…The treatment and care of patients with DSCs result in a heavy economic and psychological burden to both society and the patient's family (Hsu et al, 2017 ; Jinjuvadia et al, 2017 ). Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other treatments may cause extensive damage to patients' tissues and organs and may result in various complications that lead to local dysfunction and seriously decrease the quality of life of patients (Nederlof et al, 2016 ; Bosch et al, 2017 ; Motoyama et al, 2017 ). Regrettably, no clear explanation of the mechanism underlying DSCs development and the susceptibility of different patients exist.…”