Acute Toxicity and Dermal and Eye Irritation of the Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of the Seeds of “Zapote” <i>Pouteria mammosa</i> (L.) Cronquist

Dutok, Carlos M. S.; Berenguer-Rivas, Clara Azalea; Rodríguez-Leblanch, Elizabeth; Pérez-Jackson, Liliana; Núñez, Idelsy Chil; Arranz, Julio César Escalona; Reyes-Tur, Bernardo; Queiroz, Margareth Maria de Carvalho

doi:10.1155/2015/642906

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The control was the dermis of a mouse that was not submitted to application of the formulation. Dermal reactions to the skin challenge, including edema and erythema, were evaluated by macroscopic examination for seven consecutive days, and the dermal irritation score was calculated (Dutok, Berenguer‐Rivas, Rodríguez‐Leblanch, Pérez‐Jackson, & Queiroz, ) to obtain the primary irritation index (OECD, 2000). The scoring method for skin irritation was as follows: 1 = absent; 2 = mild; 3 = moderate; and 4 = intense (Draize, Woodard, & Calvery, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phytomodulatory hydrogel with enhanced healing effects

Vasconcelos

Souza

Figueiredo

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

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The healing performance of a hydrogel composed of hemicelluloses extracted from seeds of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (Fabaceae) and mixed with phytomodulatory proteins obtained from the latex of Calotropis procera was characterized on excisional wounds. The hydrogel did not induce dermal irritability. When topically used on excisional wounds, the hydrogel enhanced healing by wound contraction. Histology and the measurement of inflammatory mediators (myeloperoxidase, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6) suggested that the inflammatory phase of the healing process was intensified, stimulating fibroplasia and neovascularization (proliferative phase) and tissue remodeling by increasing new collagen fiber deposition. In addition, reduction on levels of malondialdehyde in the groups that the hydrogel was applied suggested that the oxidative stress was reduced. The hydrogel performed better than the reference drug used, as revealed by the extended thickness of the remodeled epithelium.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phytomodulatory hydrogel with enhanced healing effects

Vasconcelos

Souza

Figueiredo

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

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“…Both extracts (40 mg/eye) caused mild and reversible eye irritation in rabbits. Acute IG administration of seed extracts (300-2,000 mg/ kg) to rats resulted in cyanosis, rectal bleeding and death (Dutok et al, 2015).…”

Section: Unsafe and Limited Evidence On Therapeutic Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Herbal Medicine in Mesoamerica: Toward Its Evidence Base for Improving Universal Health Coverage

et al. 2020

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The quality of health care in Mesoamerica is influenced by its rich cultural diversity and characterized by social inequalities. Especially indigenous and rural communities confront diverse barriers to accessing formal health services, leading to often conflicting plurimedical systems. Fostering integrative medicine is a fundamental pillar for achieving universal health coverage (UHC) for marginalized populations. Recent developments toward health sovereignty in the region are concerned with assessing the role of traditional medicines, and particularly herbal medicines, to foster accessible and culturally pertinent healthcare provision models. In Mesoamerica, as in most regions of the world, a wealth of information on traditional and complementary medicine has been recorded. Yet these data are often scattered, making it difficult for policy makers to regulate and integrate traditionally used botanical products into primary health care. This critical review is based on a quantitative analysis of 28 survey papers focusing on the traditional use of botanical drugs in Mesoamerica used for the compilation of the "Mesoamerican Medicinal Plant Database" (MAMPDB), which includes a total of 12,537 use-records for 2188 plant taxa. Our approach presents a fundamental step toward UHC by presenting a pharmacological and toxicological review of the cross-culturally salient plant taxa and associated botanical drugs used in traditional medicine in Mesoamerica. Especially for native herbal drugs, data about safety and effectiveness are limited. Commonly used cross-culturally salient botanical drugs, which are considered safe but for which data on effectiveness is lacking constitute ideal candidates for treatment outcome studies.

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“…The product was classified according to scale proposed by Draize et al (1944) (Table 3), adopted by OECD for determining the degree of acute dermal irritation/corrosion (OECD, 2015;Dutok et al, 2015).…”

Section: Ranges Of Dermal Irritation Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

Safety assessment of Cymbopogon shoenanthus (L.) Spreng. (Poaceae) essential oils: Oral toxicity, dermal and eye irritancy investigations

Ilboudo¹,

OuÃ©draogo²,

Sawadogo³

et al. 2019

J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci.

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The side effects prediction is a regulatory requirement prior the effective use of a new product as drug or pesticide constituent is allowed. The handling hazards of Cymbopogon schoenanthus essential oils (CSEO) were determined by investigating their acute and subacute toxicities as well as irritancy potential for eye and skin in compliance with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines. In mice, the essential oils did not induce mortality at the limit single dose of 2000 mg/kg b.w., meaning that the test product estimated LD 50 is 5000 mg/kg b.w. In the 28 days subacute oral toxicity study in rats, there was no mortality observed for all tested doses in both sex. Furthermore, besides body weight gain that slightly dropped, there was no significant difference observed in food and water consumption, relative organs weight, and blood biochemical profile in test animals, compared to the control. No eye irritant reaction was shown in the rabbits exposed to CSEO. To assess dermal irritation, rabbits were dermally exposed to CSEO for 4 h. The results showed that no adverse reactions such as erythema and edema were observed throughout the test. Based on these findings, CSEO do not cause either oral toxicity up to 28 days in repeated administration, nor dermal and eye irritation, and seems to be safe for animal in the study conditions. These results constitute a new scientific support for the safe use of C. scheonanthus essential oils as alternatives to synthetic pesticides. However, for further clinical relevance of the results and complete toxicological profile elucidation, toxicity studies must be extended to long term toxicity test as subchronic and chronic toxicities, reprotoxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and mutagenicity investigations.

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Acute Toxicity and Dermal and Eye Irritation of the Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of the Seeds of “Zapote” Pouteria mammosa (L.) Cronquist

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

A phytomodulatory hydrogel with enhanced healing effects

A phytomodulatory hydrogel with enhanced healing effects

Traditional Herbal Medicine in Mesoamerica: Toward Its Evidence Base for Improving Universal Health Coverage

Safety assessment of Cymbopogon shoenanthus (L.) Spreng. (Poaceae) essential oils: Oral toxicity, dermal and eye irritancy investigations

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