Acute temperature elevation in tap and Rhine water affects skin and gill epithelia, hydromineral balance, and gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity of brown trout (Salmo trutta) smolts

Nolan, D.T.; Hadderingh, R. H.; Spanings, F.A.T.; Jenner, H.A.; Bonga, S.E. Wendelaar

doi:10.1139/f99-252

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Because this value is much smaller than unity, this exposure would not be lethal. This conclusion also is supported by the 2 experiments presented in this paper (Burkhardt‐Holm et al 1997; Schmidt et al 1998; Nolan et al 2000). For this particular example, a temperature increase of ΔT = 15 °C probably would be lethal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Threshold T3 is based on 2 experiments. In the 1st study (Nolan et al 2000), the native brown trout smolt were exposed to a single acute 3‐h temperature shock of +7 °C in both tap water and water from the lower Rhine and sampled immediately after the shock at 3 h and 1, 8, 18, 22, and 29 d to evaluate the effect of short‐term acute temperature shock. For the tests, brown trout were placed in groups of 30 in 400‐L aerated black plastic tanks filled with tap or Rhine water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening procedure to assess the impact of urban stormwater temperature to populations of brown trout in receiving water

Rossi

Hari

2007

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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The discharge of urban stormwater may cause a sudden temperature increase in receiving waters that may be harmful to fish and other aquatic organisms. A screening procedure is proposed with temperature thresholds for the runoff from roofs and roads as well as for the receiving water system to protect brown trout from thermal damage. The stormwater temperature is calculated on the basis of a simple thermodynamic estimate for different latitudes. Only receiving waters with maximum daily mean temperatures of 22 degrees C (T1) are considered potential habitats for brown trout. The maximum temperature for a 1-h exposure time with a safety margin for 100% survival is 25 degrees C (T2), the sudden temperature change at the beginning of a rain event must not exceed 7 degrees C (T3), and fish-egg development requires the daily maximum temperature in winter to be below 12 degrees C (T4). Examples of stormwater runoff from roof or road surfaces from Switzerland validate our approach within +/-0.5 degrees C. Effects of runoff into receiving waters without detailed data can be predicted within +/-0.8 degrees C. With the restriction by T1, T2 seems not to be an acute problem at Swiss latitudes. T3 could play a role, especially if a large amount of runoff is discharged in small and rather cool rivers and streams. Finally, T4 deserves more attention than hitherto given. The proposed procedure may be a useful tool for assessing the influence of urban stormwater on the temperature of the receiving waters, particularly with regard to predicting the thermal impacts of urban or suburban runoff to populations of brown trout.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening procedure to assess the impact of urban stormwater temperature to populations of brown trout in receiving water

Rossi

Hari

2007

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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“…Previously, discharge of mucus was linked to the release of the stress hormone cortisol in trout 30 and was observed after only brief handling. 31 In our experiments, stunning was performed in fresh water, since the high conductivity of seawater would have resulted in the current flowing around the fish rather than through their bodies. The rapid salinity change endured by the fishes might therefore have induced stress, as was observed in sea bream.…”

Section: Use Of Electricitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of slaughtering methods for turbot with respect to animal welfare and flesh quality

Morzel¹,

Sohier²,

Vis³

2002

J Sci Food Agric

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After elaborating a suitable scheme to assess consciousness/unconsciousness of turbot, the effects on fish welfare of commercial and experimental slaughtering techniques were evaluated. Strong adverse reactions and slow loss of clinical reflexes were observed when fish were slaughtered by bleeding without prior anaesthesia. The efficiency of electricity (150 V for 2 s followed by 25 V for 5 min) as a stunning and killing technique was dependent on the current frequency and mode of administration, ie whether the electrical discharge was applied to the head only or throughout the whole body. Finally, percussion of the head with a mechanical device resulted in immediate and permanent loss of all responses and reflexes in all fish tested. Three methods were selected as a result of the preliminary tests (bleeding in ice slurry, whole-body electrical treatment and percussion), and their influence on flesh quality was studied over a 9 day period. Fish killed by percussion were characterised by a higher pH and higher water content in the very early stage of post mortem storage, but also by a much delayed rigor mortis. In contrast, fish killed by electricity entered most rapidly into rigor mortis; their flesh was significantly softer (p < 0.05) throughout the entire storage time and was also redder and darker, as indicated by higher a* values (p < 0.001) and lower L* values (p < 0.01) respectively. It is suggested that automated percussion is a suitably humane method for the slaughter of farmed turbot.

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“…The responses to increased temperature may include air gulping, increased gill ventilation, increased lamellar perfusion, increased cardiac output, changes in Hb function and altered expression of metabolic enzymes. Studies related to gill morphology and temperature are scarce and only cover acute temperature changes (Hocutt and Tilney, 1985;Jacobs et al, 1981;Nolan et al, 2000;Tilney and Hocutt, 1987), which often reflect more pathophysiological responses that are not necessarily adaptive.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature alters the respiratory surface area of crucian carpCarassius carassiusand goldfishCarassius auratus

Sollid

Weber

Nilsson

2005

Journal of Experimental Biology

204

152

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We have previously found that the gills of crucian carp Carassius carassius living in normoxic (aerated) water lack protruding lamellae, the primary site of O 2 uptake in fish, and that exposing them to hypoxia increases the respiratory surface area of the gills ~7.5-fold. We here examine whether this morphological change is triggered by temperature. We acclimated crucian carp to 10, 15, 20 and 25°C for 1·month, and investigated gill morphology, oxygen consumption and the critical oxygen concentration at the different temperatures. As expected, oxygen consumption increased with temperature. Also at 25°C an increase in the respiratory surface area, similar to that seen in hypoxia, occurred. This coincided with a reduced critical oxygen concentration. We also found that the rate of this transformation increased with rising temperature. Goldfish Carassius auratus, a close relative to crucian carp, previously kept at 25°C, were exposed to 15°C and 7.5°C. At 7.5°C the respiratory surface area of its gills was reduced by development of an interlamellar cell mass as found in normoxic crucian carp kept at 10-20°C. Thus, both species alter the respiratory surface area in response to temperature. Rather than being a graded change, the results suggest that the alteration of gill morphology is triggered at a given temperature. Oxygen-binding data reveal very high oxygen affinities of crucian carp haemoglobins, particularly at high pH and low temperature, which may be prerequisites for the reduced gill respiratory surface area at low temperatures. As ambient oxygen and temperature can both induce the remodelling of the gills, the response appears primarily to be an adaptation to the oxygen demand of the fish.

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Acute temperature elevation in tap and Rhine water affects skin and gill epithelia, hydromineral balance, and gill Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity of brown trout (Salmo trutta) smolts

Abstract: Please be advised that this information was generated on 2018-05-09 and may be subject to change. 708 Acute temperature elevation in tap and

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Screening procedure to assess the impact of urban stormwater temperature to populations of brown trout in receiving water

Screening procedure to assess the impact of urban stormwater temperature to populations of brown trout in receiving water

Evaluation of slaughtering methods for turbot with respect to animal welfare and flesh quality

Temperature alters the respiratory surface area of crucian carpCarassius carassiusand goldfishCarassius auratus

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