Acute Stress Disorder in Victims of Robbery and Victims of Assault

Elklit, Ask

doi:10.1177/0886260502017008005

Cited by 44 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, experience of crime-related trauma have been linked to other negative sequelae, such as the development of acute stress disorder and depressive symptomatology, in the general population (Elklit 2002; Hochstetler et al 2010). Our results suggest that the experience of past crime-related trauma is associated with lower current social support and with higher loneliness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between past trauma, current social support, and loneliness in incarcerated populations

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPrisoners are a vulnerable population with higher rates of trauma than community populations. Social support is important for both in–prison adjustment and post-release community re-entry. Loneliness, a related construct to social support, has been found to be associated with elevated rates of suicidal ideation and behavior, depression, and hopelessness in incarcerated populations.MethodsThis study explored the relationship of past physical, sexual, and crime-related trauma to current perceived social support and loneliness in a mixed-gender sample of 235 depressed prisoners enrolled in depression treatment studies.ResultsHistory of any trauma, regardless of type, as well as physical, sexual, and crime-related traumas were associated with lower current perceived social support scores (controlling for gender). Past sexual trauma and crime-related trauma were associated with higher levels of loneliness (controlling for gender), though history of any trauma and physical trauma was not.ConclusionFindings suggest that both overall trauma and specific types of trauma are linked to perceived social support and loneliness among incarcerated persons with major depressive disorder. This is the first study, to the authors’ knowledge, that specifically observed a relationship between past trauma and current social support and loneliness in prison populations. Many intervention programs for prisoners encourage them to develop non-criminogenic and substance-free social networks. These programs should be aware that individuals who have experienced interpersonal trauma may have additional interpersonal challenges, and may need strategies to address interpersonal deficits related to trauma exposure.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2194-7899-2-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between past trauma, current social support, and loneliness in incarcerated populations

et al. 2014

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“…Until recently a majority of studies investigating the prevalence of ASD have focused only on traumatized adults. [7][8][9][10][11] These studies demonstrate that ASD prevalence rates differed depending on the type of trauma experienced; rates ranged from 6% in survivors of natural disasters 12 to 33% in survivors of violent assault. 11 Variation within similar traumatic events has also been demonstrated.…”

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confidence: 93%

Incidence of and Risk Factors for Acute Stress Disorder in Children with Injuries

Saxe

Miller

Bartholomew

et al. 2005

Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection &Amp; Critical Care

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“…However, when gender effects were reported, women have consistently reported more acute PTSS than men (Bryant & Harvey, 2003; Elkilt, 2002; Fullerton et al, 2001). These findings underscore the importance of considering acute PTSS and peritraumatic dissociation as possible mechanisms of gender-specific risk for PTSD.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gender differences in PTSD symptoms: An exploration of peritraumatic mechanisms

Irish¹,

Fischer²,

Fallon³

et al. 2011

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

125

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Females are at higher risk than males for developing posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSS) following exposure to trauma, which may stem from gender differences in initial physiological and psychological responses to trauma. The present study aimed to examine a number of peri- and initial post-traumatic reactions to motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) to determine the extent to which they contributed to gender differences in PTSS. 356 adult MVA survivors (211 males and 145 females) reported on peritraumatic dissociation, perception of life threat and initial PTSS. In addition, heart rate and urinary cortisol levels were collected in-hospital. 6 weeks and 6 months later, PTSS were assessed via clinical interviews. Results suggested that initial PTSS and peritraumatic dissociation were marginally significant mediators at 6-week follow-up and significant mediators at 6-month follow-up, providing partial support for the hypothesis that initial responses to trauma may account for observed gender differences in PTSS development.

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Acute Stress Disorder in Victims of Robbery and Victims of Assault

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

Associations between past trauma, current social support, and loneliness in incarcerated populations

Associations between past trauma, current social support, and loneliness in incarcerated populations

Incidence of and Risk Factors for Acute Stress Disorder in Children with Injuries

Gender differences in PTSD symptoms: An exploration of peritraumatic mechanisms

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