Acute staphylococcal endocarditis following dengue haemorrhagic fever

Samarasinghe, H D; Indrakumar, J.

doi:10.4038/jccp.v43i1-2.6819

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Antibodies directed against dengue virus cross reacting with endothelial cells in association with nitric oxide causes endothelial cell apoptosis and disruption of the endothelial barrier [10]. When this type of damage occurs in the endocardium, bacteraemia that could lodge in these damaged endocardium and cause endocarditis [11]. In our patient increased susceptibility to endocarditis may also be due to the previous rheumatic heart valve disease but the patient did not know.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 72%

A Case of Enterococcus Faecalis Infective Endocarditis Following Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

Phan

2023

J Clin Stud Rev Rep

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Dengue fever is a leading health problem in Vietnam. Clinical presentation can vary from a simple flu like illness to hemorrhagic fever with shock. Most people who develop dengue fever recover completely within 1 weeks. Apart from the complications such as haemorrhage and dengue shock syndrome, concurrent bacteraemia inpatients with dengue fever is a very rare complication. We report a patient initially diagnosed with dengue haemorrhagic fever, who subsequently developed Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis.

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 72%

A Case of Enterococcus Faecalis Infective Endocarditis Following Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

Phan

2023

J Clin Stud Rev Rep

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“…For instance, dengue can be complicated by Staphylococcus aureus causing pneumonia [ 9 , 10 ] and abscess [ 11 – 13 ]. Additionally, staphylococcal endocarditis following classic and hemorrhagic dengue fever was also reported [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Staphylococcal infections following classic or hemorrhagic dengue were reported in patients with thyroid abscess [ 11 ], intramuscular abscesses [ 12 , 13 ], infective endocarditis [ 14 , 15 , 25 ], and pneumonia [ 9 , 10 ]. Furthermore, CoNS were isolated from hospitalized adults with dengue [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coinfection with dengue and hepatitis A complicated with infective endocarditis in a Yemeni patient: a case report

et al. 2021

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Introduction Coinfection with dengue and hepatitis A is rare and challenging for physicians since their clinical features can be overlapping. These infections are self-limiting but can become complicated by subsequent infective endocarditis. We report a case of infective endocarditis following a coinfection with dengue and hepatitis A. Case presentation A 17-year-old Yemeni male patient was admitted to the hospital complaining of yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera associated with dark urine and a diffuse skin rash on the trunk and upper limbs followed by intermittent high-grade fever. Coinfection was confirmed by hepatitis A immunoglobulin M and dengue immunoglobulin M. At the time of diagnosis, white blood cells were normal, with mild neutrophilia and thrombocytopenia along with elevated C-reactive protein. Five days later, the patient was readmitted to the emergency department, complaining of high-grade fever, fatigue, myalgia, nausea, and vomiting. A systolic heart murmur was heard, and infective endocarditis was confirmed by the visualization of two vegetations on the mitral valve and coagulase-negative staphylococci after blood culture. Supportive therapies were initiated for hepatitis A and dengue fever, whereas infective endocarditis was treated with antibiotics for 4 weeks. The patient recovered completely from dengue, hepatitis A, and infective endocarditis. Conclusion In endemic areas, it is reasonable to screen for coinfection with dengue and hepatitis A since they are superimposed on each other. Subacute infective endocarditis may occur following initial dengue and hepatitis A coinfection, especially among patients with rheumatic heart disease. An echocardiogram is a pivotal workup for evaluating a patient with persistent fever of unknown origin.

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“…There are reported cases of staphylococcal superinfection or co-infection occurring in patients with dengue viral infections [ 4 , 5 ]. However, there is only one reported case of infective endocarditis occurring in a patient with dengue viral infection [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue shock syndrome complicated with acute liver failure and kidney injury, infective endocarditis, and deep vein thrombosis: a case report

Samarasekara

Munasinghe

2018

J Med Case Reports

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BackgroundDengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease with a very high incidence in Southeast Asia. Most patients with dengue fever recover following a self-limiting febrile illness, while a small proportion may progress to develop severe disease with complications such as acute liver failure, acute kidney injury, and multiorgan failure. Secondary bacterial infections and thrombotic events are very rare.Case presentationA 38-year-old previously healthy Sri Lankan woman from Colombo, Sri Lanka, presented with dengue shock syndrome leading to acute liver failure and kidney injury. She was managed with intravenously administered fluid resuscitation with close monitoring of her hemodynamic status, and hemodialysis. Her renal and liver functions and platelet count improved gradually, but the fever persisted and there was a neutrophil leukocytosis. A clinical examination and investigations to identify a focus of secondary infection revealed staphylococcal infective endocarditis. She was started on intravenously administered vancomycin, but as the response was poor the antibiotic was changed to intravenously administered linezolid, to which the response was good. She also developed right proximal femoral deep vein thrombosis, and was commenced on subcutaneous enoxaparin and warfarin. Enoxaparin was stopped after her international normalized ratio reached the desirable range, and warfarin was continued for 3 months.ConclusionsDengue virus is known to cause endothelial dysfunction that allows bacteria to invade tissues, defective functioning and reduction in the number of cells of the immune system, and alteration of cytokines leading to immune dysregulation, predisposing patients to develop secondary bacterial infections. Evidently, patients with dengue fever who have prolonged fever (more than 5 days) and acute kidney injury are at high risk for concurrent bacteremia. Dengue virus interferes with the components of the anti-clotting pathway, such as thrombomodulin-thrombin-protein C complex. It also activates endothelial cells and increases the expression of procoagulant factors. These factors may predispose patients with dengue viral infections to develop thrombotic complications. Therefore it is important to be aware of the possibility of serious secondary bacterial infections occurring following dengue viral infections, especially in patients with prolonged fever and acute kidney injury, and to keep in mind that thrombotic events may occur as complications of dengue viral infections.

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Acute staphylococcal endocarditis following dengue haemorrhagic fever

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

A Case of Enterococcus Faecalis Infective Endocarditis Following Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

A Case of Enterococcus Faecalis Infective Endocarditis Following Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

Coinfection with dengue and hepatitis A complicated with infective endocarditis in a Yemeni patient: a case report

Dengue shock syndrome complicated with acute liver failure and kidney injury, infective endocarditis, and deep vein thrombosis: a case report

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