Acute Spinal Cord Injury Is Associated With Prevalent Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

Solinsky, Ryan; Betancourt, Luisa; Schmidt-Read, Mary; Kupfer, Mendel; Owens, Marilyn; Schwab, Jan M.; Dusseau, Nathaniel B.; Szlachcic, Yaga; Sutherland, Linda; Taylor, J. Andrew; Nash, Mark S.

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2021.04.022

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Stillman et al [ 72 ] identified 47% of individuals with SCI that had either an elevated HbA1C or 2 h glucose level after a 75 g OGTT but found only 22% of the study participants had both present. Similarly, in 95 persons with acute SCI, Solinsky and colleagues [ 36 ] recently identified insulin resistance in 12.5% of the cohort using elevated FPG as a criterion but in 33.3% when using HOMA2 criteria. The discord between IVGTT-measured Si and both FPG and HbA1C may be due to the methodical differences by which the latter two markers define abnormal glucose metabolism [ 69 , 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous SCI research has evaluated glucose dysregulation using HOMA [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ], HOMA2 [ 36 , 37 , 38 ], Matsuda [ 28 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ], QUICKI [ 38 ], HbA1C [ 43 , 44 , 45 ], and FPG [ 6 , 8 , 35 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 47 ]. However, there has been no study or consensus on which insulin resistance/sensitivity index exhibits the best accord with the gold standard IVGTT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of Various Indices in Identifying Insulin Resistance and Diabetes in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Farkas

Gordon

Trewick

et al. 2021

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this screening and diagnostic study was to examine the accord among indices of glucose metabolism, including the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA), HOMA2, Matsuda Index, Quantitative Insulin-sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) against intravenous glucose tolerance test-measured insulin sensitivity (Si) in individuals with chronic motor complete SCI. Persons with chronic (≥12-months post-injury) SCI (n = 29; 79% men; age 42.2 ± 11.4; body mass index 28.6 ± 6.4 kg/m2; C4-T10) were included. Measures were compared using adjusted R2 from linear regression models with Akaike information criterion (AIC, a measure of error). QUICKI had the greatest agreement with Si (adjusted R2 = 0.463, AIC = 91.1, p = 0.0001), followed by HOMA (adjusted R2 = 0.378, AIC = 95.4, p = 0.0008), HOMA2 (adjusted R2 = 0.256, AIC = 99.7, p = 0.0030), and the Matsuda Index (adjusted R2 = 0.356, AIC = 95.5, p = 0.0004). FPG (adjusted R2 = 0.056, AIC = 107.5, p = 0.1799) and HbA1C (adjusted R2 = 0.1, AIC = 106.1, p = 0.0975) had poor agreement with Si. While HbA1C and FPG are commonly used for evaluating disorders of glucose metabolism, QUICKI demonstrates the best accord with Si compared to the other measures.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Various Indices in Identifying Insulin Resistance and Diabetes in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Farkas

Gordon

Trewick

et al. 2021

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The authors identified that 31.6% of participants with SCI had ≥3 cardiometabolic risks. This finding was significantly higher than the 22.3% identified in the matched controls [84]. Using data from the National SCI Statistical Center, Wen et al [85] investigated the association between BMI and one-year mortality among people who survived the first 90 days after an SCI.…”

Section: Obesity After Scimentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Over the last few years, studies have demonstrated obesity and cardiometabolic risk in acute SCI. Solinsky and colleagues [ 84 ] compared participants with acute SCI to age-, sex-, and BMI-matched controls from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The authors identified that 31.6% of participants with SCI had ≥3 cardiometabolic risks.…”

Section: Obesity After Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dyslipidemia—including hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypoalphalipoproteinemia—is a widely studied component risk factor for cardiometabolic risk and CMS after SCI ( Table 4 ). Compared to controls without SCI from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Solinsky et al [ 84 ] observed that people with acute SCI had significantly higher triglycerides and lower HDL-C. Specifically, low HDL-C was also observed in 54.2% of participants with SCI compared to only 15.4% of the controls [ 84 ].…”

Section: Dyslipidemia After Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Diagnosis and Management of Cardiometabolic Risk and Cardiometabolic Syndrome after Spinal Cord Injury

Farkas

Burton

McMillan

et al. 2022

JPM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) commonly present with component risk factors for cardiometabolic risk and combined risk factors for cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). These primary risk factors include obesity, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia/insulin resistance, and hypertension. Commonly referred to as “silent killers”, cardiometabolic risk and CMS increase the threat of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of death after SCI. This narrative review will examine current data and the etiopathogenesis of cardiometabolic risk, CMS, and cardiovascular disease associated with SCI, focusing on pivotal research on cardiometabolic sequelae from the last five years. The review will also provide current diagnosis and surveillance criteria for cardiometabolic disorders after SCI, a novel obesity classification system based on percent total body fat, and lifestyle management strategies to improve cardiometabolic health.

show abstract

Effects of albiflorin on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in rats with acute spinal cord injury

Fang,

Wang,

Sun

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionOxidative stress and inflammatory responses are often the predominant detrimental factors associated with spinal cord injury (SCI). This study investigates the potential therapeutic effects of albiflorin (AF) on alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress in the rat model with SCI.MethodsInitially, the behavior of SCI‐induced rats is examined by Basso−Beattie−Bresnahan score and the inclined plane examination. Then, the immunohistochemical staining of inflammasome‐related protein (for instance, NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains‐containing protein 3, NLRP3) is performed in combination with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of corresponding proinflammatory factors to assess the immunomodulatory effects of AF. Further, the markers involved in oxidative stress are examined by ELISA and western blot analysis analyses.ResultsThese findings indicated that AF could alleviate motor dysfunction and the loss of neuron cells in SCI‐induced rats. Mechanistically, AF could attenuate the inflammatory responses by reducing oxidative stress and activating nuclear erythroid‐related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) pathway in SCI rats. Depleting the antioxidant capacity by inhibiting glutathione biosynthesis could counteract the anti‐inflammatory activity of AF in SCI rats.ConclusionsTogether, our data suggested that AF could serve as a potential therapeutic agent against the aggravation of SCI in rats.

show abstract

Acute Spinal Cord Injury Is Associated With Prevalent Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Comparison of Various Indices in Identifying Insulin Resistance and Diabetes in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Comparison of Various Indices in Identifying Insulin Resistance and Diabetes in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

The Diagnosis and Management of Cardiometabolic Risk and Cardiometabolic Syndrome after Spinal Cord Injury

Effects of albiflorin on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in rats with acute spinal cord injury

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About