Acute selective bioactivity of grape seed proanthocyanidins on enteroendocrine secretions in the gastrointestinal tract

Casanova-Martí, Àngela; Serrano, Joan; Blay, Mayte; Terra, Ximena; Ardévol, Anna; Pinent, Montserrat

doi:10.1080/16546628.2017.1321347

Cited by 24 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…We had previously shown that gallic acid reduced CCK secretion after an acute treatment in a rat duodenum ex vivo model. 9 Now we found that CCK plasma levels tended to increase after an 8-day treatment with gallic acid. These differences might be due to the different length of time of each treatment (acute vs. 8 days).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…5 However, other effects might be mediated through interactions with the gastrointestinal tract where they act by inhibiting enzymes, 6 modulating inflammation and/or gut barrier properties, 7 or modulating enteroendocrine secretion. 8,9 The effects of flavonoids on gut microbiota have been recently reviewed; 7 but there are few studies analyzing the role of proanthocyanidins on gut microbiota which could also mediate their physiological effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grape seed proanthocyanidins influence gut microbiota and enteroendocrine secretions in female rats

et al. 2018

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Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) modulates several parameters involved in metabolic syndrome. GSPE is a mixture of compounds, some which are rapidly absorbed, while others remain in the lumen where they might have effects that are translated to the whole organism. Our aim was to decipher if the 8-day treatment of GSPE, previously shown to reduce food intake, induces changes in the microbiota and enterohormone secretion. The ratio of Firmicutes : Bacteroidetes was lower in the microbiota of GSPE-treated rats compared to controls, and differences in several taxonomic families and genera were observed. Such modulation led to a reduction in cecal butyrate content. GSPE also increased plasma glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1). Gallic acid did not induce major changes in the microbiota profile nor in GLP-1 secretion. Correlations between several microbiota taxa and plasma triacylglycerol, adiposity, and enterohormones were observed. Modulation of microbiota may be one of the mechanism by which GSPE impacts metabolic health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape seed proanthocyanidins influence gut microbiota and enteroendocrine secretions in female rats

et al. 2018

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“…The authors showed that GSPE treatment increased GLP-1 levels in the ileum, while the unabsorbed GSPE's and phenolic microbial metabolites did so in the colon. These findings suggest that unabsorbed polyphenols with high degree of polymerization and microbiota-metabolized phenolic compounds act on enteroendocrine L-cells to promote GLP-1 secretion 27 . Further studies will be needed to determine whether the protection from glucose intolerance that are linked to unabsorbed polymeric PACs from blueberry can be linked to other intestinal targets that are linked to pancreatic beta-cell insulin secretion or hepatic insulin clearance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In this regard, proanthocyanidins have been shown to mimic insulin effects by affecting intestinal glucose transporters 26 and stimulating intestinal hormones which are involved in the modulation of digestion and metabolism 27 . For instance, Casanova-Martí et al 27 demonstrated, both in vivo and ex vivo, the role of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPE) on the induction of enterohormones secretion in different parts of the intestine, leading to glucose homeostasis regulation. The authors showed that GSPE treatment increased GLP-1 levels in the ileum, while the unabsorbed GSPE's and phenolic microbial metabolites did so in the colon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild blueberry proanthocyanidins shape distinct gut microbiota profile and influence glucose homeostasis and intestinal phenotypes in high-fat high-sucrose fed mice

Rodríguez-Daza

Daoust

Boutkrabt

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Blueberries are a rich source of polyphenols, widely studied for the prevention or attenuation of metabolic diseases. However, the health contribution and mechanisms of action of polyphenols depend on their type and structure. Here, we evaluated the effects of a wild blueberry polyphenolic extract (WBe) (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton) on cardiometabolic parameters, gut microbiota composition and gut epithelium histology of high-fat high-sucrose (HfHS) diet-induced obese mice and determined which constitutive polyphenolic fractions (BPF) was responsible for the observed effects. To do so, the whole extract was separated in three fractions, F1) Anthocyanins and phenolic acids, F2) oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PACs), phenolic acids and flavonols (PACs degree of polymerization DP < 4), and F3) PACs polymers (PACs DP > 4) and supplied at their respective concentration in the whole extract. After 8 weeks, WBE reduced OGTT AUC by 18.3% compared to the HFHS treated rodents and the F3 fraction contributed the most to this effect. The anthocyanin rich F1 fraction did not reproduce this response. WBE and the BPF restored the colonic mucus layer. Particularly, the polymeric PACs-rich F3 fraction increased the mucin-secreting goblet cells number. WBE caused a significant 2-fold higher proportion of Adlercreutzia equolifaciens whereas oligomeric PACs-rich F2 fraction increased by 2.5-fold the proportion of Akkermansia muciniphila. This study reveals the key role of WBE PACs in modulating the gut microbiota and restoring colonic epithelial mucus layer, providing a suitable ecological niche for mucosa-associated symbiotic bacteria, which may be crucial in triggering health effects of blueberry polyphenols.Wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton) are recognized as a rich source of bioactive phenolic compounds, the consumption of which has been associated with the attenuation of metabolic disorders through its beneficial action on glucose homeostasis and the reduction the oxidative stress and intestinal inflammation 1,2 . Until now, these positive effects have predominantly been attributed to flavonoids and in particular to anthocyanins 3,4 . However, wild blueberry has a complex profile of bioactive polyphenols; in addition to anthocyanins, it contains chlorogenic acid, and oligomers and polymers of flavan-3-ols, such as proanthocyanidins (PACs) 5 . Interestingly, there are increased evidences showing that PACs can attenuate the progression of metabolic syndrome, including type 2 diabetes and obesity 6 . Pre-clinical studies have suggested different mechanisms by Figure 3. Wild blueberry polyphenolic fractions restore the mucus thickness and polymeric PACs-rich fraction significantly stimulated mucin-secreting goblet cells number in HFHS-fed mouse colon. The effect of HFHS-diet and the supplementation with WBE and BPF: anthocyanin and phenolic acids (F1), oligomeric PACs, phenolic acids and flavonols (F2) and polymeric PACs (F3) were studied in mouse colon morphology. A combination of Alcian Blue and periodic acid-Schiff...

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“…Acute GSPE treatment inhibits intestinal gluconeogenesis, downregulates the expression of the glucose transporter Glut-2 and glucokinase in the liver and pancreas [91], reduces the uptake of glucose in the liver and pancreas, resulting in increased levels of portal vein glucose. During fasting, the portal vein glucose level maintained satiety to a certain extent [92]. When glucose is present in the intestine, it stimulates the secretion of intestinal hormones related to satiety in the colon, such as glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), peptide YY, cholecystokinin and ghrelin.…”

Section: Reduce Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Obesity

Liu

Peng

et al. 2020

Obes Facts

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Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease resulting from excessive fat accumulation and/or abnormal distribution caused by multiple factors. As a major component of metabolic syndrome, obesity is closely related to many diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke and cancer. Hence, the problem of obesity cannot be ignored, and recent studies have shown that grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has an antiobesity effect. This paper systematically reviews the research progress and potential mechanism of GSPE emphasizing on obesity prevention and treatment.has increased from 105 million in 1975 to 641 million in 2014 [8]. In a nutshell, obesity poses a serious threat to the health of individuals, and more and more evidence shows that obesity is an important risk factor affecting the morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular diseases; also, overweight can increase the mortality of adults suffering from cardiovascular diseases [9]. The body mass index has a linear relationship with the mortality rate of coronary artery disease, stroke and diabetes mellitus [10]. Even modest weight loss can also reduce the risk of these complications [11]. In addition, obesity can lead to gastrointestinal disorders, joint and muscle diseases, respiratory system problems and psychological problems [12,13]. In short, obesity is an increasingly serious global public health problem, which seriously affects the daily life of obese people and increases the risk of mortality.How to prevent and treat obesity has been the focus of attention. Behavioral exercise and drug therapy [14], surgical weight loss [15] and dietary intervention therapy [16] have been the focus of research. But the effect of behavioral exercise on weight loss is slow and obviously unsuitable for obese patients with cardiovascular diseases; every weight loss drug has its own unique risk characteristics, so the doctor needs to fully understand drug contraindications and the differences among obese individuals [17]. More importantly, there is still a lack of long-term experimental studies on whether drug weight loss can cause side effects. Besides, the way of surgical weight loss has been considered controversial for a long time. It can reduce obesity in a short period of time, as 10-30% of patients who undergo gastric bypass surgery lose weight by 40 or 50% [18]. However, current evidence shows that the benefits of surgical weight loss are not universal. A considerable proportion of patients will experience weight rebound and recurrence of diabetes [19]. Although exercise, drugs and surgery can achieve effective weight loss, they have limitations, risks and instability, and are not suitable for all obese patients. In this context, a safe and reliable method of reducing obesity with fewer side effects is urgently required by obese people. Compared with behavior, drugs and surgical treatment, dietary strategies for losing weight or improving obesity-related conditions seem to be more anticipated. The use of plant-d...

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Acute selective bioactivity of grape seed proanthocyanidins on enteroendocrine secretions in the gastrointestinal tract

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Grape seed proanthocyanidins influence gut microbiota and enteroendocrine secretions in female rats

Grape seed proanthocyanidins influence gut microbiota and enteroendocrine secretions in female rats

Wild blueberry proanthocyanidins shape distinct gut microbiota profile and influence glucose homeostasis and intestinal phenotypes in high-fat high-sucrose fed mice

Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Obesity

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