Acute Retinal Necrosis: An Overview

Chang, Susie; Young, Lucy H.

doi:10.1097/iio.0b013e31803777bb

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Ocular syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum and characterized by a diffuse, patchy necrotizing retinitis, prominent vitritis, and vasculitis, also can mimic ARN syndrome. 53 Cytomegalovirus retinitis may be distinguished by mild inflammatory findings in the anterior chamber and vitreous, and patients are often in an immunosuppressed state with CD4 lymphocytes less than 50 cells/mm. 53 The most compelling points in favor of a diagnosis of CMV retinitis are the lack of therapeutic response to an antiviral acyclovir therapy recommended for ARN syndrome.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overview and Diagnosis of Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome

Usui

Gotô

2008

Seminars in Ophthalmology

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Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) syndrome, also known as Kirisawa's uveitis, is one of the most serious ocular diseases, and is characterized by a combination of peripheral, confluent, necrotizing retinitis, retinal arteritis, and intraocular inflammation. ARN syndrome is caused by the herpesvirus family, including herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV). The diagnosis of ARN syndrome is fundamentally based on clinical appearance and the demonstration of viral infection. Recently, polymerase chain reaction techniques permit detection of very small amounts of viral DNA in intraocular specimens. This knowledge can help in both the diagnosis and design of therapeutic strategy for ARN syndrome. Here we review the clinical presentation and the current advances in the diagnosis of ARN syndrome.

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Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…53 The necrotic retina is very thin with extremely weak adhesion ability, and is highly prone to tear in the area between the healthy posterior retina and necrotic peripheral retina. 38 Furthermore, this area tends to have adhesion to the vitreous body, which is another cause of a high rate of retinal detachment.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestations and Courseamentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview and Diagnosis of Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome

Usui

Gotô

2008

Seminars in Ophthalmology

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“…Vitreous organization and traction may progress during this phase, producing retinal breaks. Retinal detachment corresponding to the site of necrosis occurs at a very high rate, ranging from 50 to 75 % during the course of the disease [ 15 ].…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections of the Posterior Segment: Acute Retinal Necrosis

2014

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“…Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) designates herpetic retinopathy with discrete circumferential necrotic lesions, occlusive vasculopathy and a prominent inflammatory reaction [1][2][3]. ARN syndrome occurs most commonly in otherwise healthy patients of either sex and of any age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unilateral acute retinal necrosis in a multiple sclerosis patient treated with high-dose systemic steroids

et al. 2010

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A 50-year-old man with multiple sclerosis developed unilateral acute retinal necrosis following a long-term systemic corticosteroid administration for treatment of an attack of paraparesis. The patient was treated with systemic acyclovir, aspirin, oral steroids and topical cyclopentolate and prednisolone acetate for almost 3 months. Pars plana vitrectomy and 360° endolaser photocoagulation posterior to necrotic retinal areas were performed a week after the initial diagnosis. Varicella zoster DNA was confirmed by PCR analysis in the vitreous sample. Two months later, pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil injection was performed successfully to treat complicated retinal detachment. Careful peripheral fundus examination is essential when acute unexplained visual loss is noted in patients receiving systemic corticosteroids to exclude acute retinal necrosis syndrome.

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Acute Retinal Necrosis: An Overview

Cited by 31 publications

References 50 publications

Overview and Diagnosis of Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome

Overview and Diagnosis of Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome

Infections of the Posterior Segment: Acute Retinal Necrosis

Unilateral acute retinal necrosis in a multiple sclerosis patient treated with high-dose systemic steroids

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