Acute respiratory viral infections in pediatric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

Benites, Eliana Carla Armelin; Cabrini, Dayane Peverari; Silva, Andrea Clemente Baptista; Silva, Juliana C.; Catalan, Daniel Thomé; Berezin, Eitan Naaman; Cardoso, Maria Regina Alves; Passos, Saulo Duarte

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2014.01.006

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…5,[12][13][14][15] Rhinovirus rather than RSV and parainfluenza virus was the most frequent cause of RVI, consistent with the results of recent studies using PCR tests. 5,6,[12][13][14][15][16] RVI investigation should be considered in immune compromised patients complaining of community-acquired respiratory symptoms, preferably in those with rhinorrhea or sputum predominant over a cough. If we consider that early termination of empirical antibiotic therapy led to a favorable outcome in children and adolescents with NF and RVI in a recent report by Santolaya et al, 15 early diagnosis of RVI by a PCR test in these patients can help to avoid an unnecessary antibiotic use.…”

Section: Comparison Between Patients With Upper and Lower Respiratorysupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Recent studies on RVI in immune compromised children showed low mortality due to RVI, 0-3%. 5,[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]19 Fortunately, there was no death due to RVI in this study. This favorable outcome may be attributed to a growing concern for RVI in physicians, increasing diagnostic rates especially of mild RVI cases using PCR tests, and improved supportive care in immune compromised patients.…”

Section: Comparison Between Patients With Upper and Lower Respiratorymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…5,6,11 Recent studies using PCR tests identified RVI in 33-76% of children with NF or cancer complaining of respiratory symptoms. 5,6,[12][13][14][15][16] RSV and influenza virus were the most frequent causes of RVI in the era of conventional methods, [8][9][10] whereas rhinovirus was the most frequent cause in the era of PCR tests. 5,6,[12][13][14][15][16][17] In spite of this epidemiological change accompanied by the introduction of PCR tests, reports on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of RVI in immune compromised children and adolescents using PCR tests are lacking.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Respiratory Viral Infections in Children and Adolescents With Hematological Malignancies

Han

Shin

Kim

et al. 2019

Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis

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BackgroundDespite the introduction of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for the diagnosis of respiratory viral infection (RVI), guidance on the application of this test and the management of RVI in immunocompromised children is lacking. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics of RVI and established strategies for the PCR test in children and adolescents with hematological malignancies.MethodsThis study included children and adolescents with underlying hematological malignancies and respiratory symptoms, in whom a multiplex PCR test was performed. Patients in whom RVI was identified and not identified were categorized into Groups I and II, respectively. Group I was sub-divided into patients with upper and lower respiratory infections. The medical records of the enrolled patients were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsA total of 93 respiratory illnesses were included. Group I included 46 (49.5%) cases of RVI, including 31 (67.4%) upper and 15 (32.6%) lower respiratory infections. Rhinovirus (37.0%) was the most common viral pathogen. Significantly more patients in Group I had community-acquired respiratory illnesses (p=0.003) and complained of rhinorrhea (p<0.001) and sputum (p=0.008) than those in Group II. In Group I, significantly more patients with lower respiratory infections had uncontrolled underlying malignancies (p=0.038) and received re-induction or palliative chemotherapy (p=0.006) than those with upper respiratory infections.ConclusionsA multiplex PCR test should be considered for RVI diagnosis in immunocompromised children and adolescents with respiratory symptoms, especially in those with rhinorrhea or sputum prominent over a cough. The early application of the PCR test in patients with uncontrolled underlying malignancies may improve outcomes.

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Section: Comparison Between Patients With Upper and Lower Respiratorysupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Comparison Between Patients With Upper and Lower Respiratorymentioning

confidence: 95%

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confidence: 99%

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Respiratory Viral Infections in Children and Adolescents With Hematological Malignancies

Han

Shin

Kim

et al. 2019

Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis

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“…Collected nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested for RVI by rapid test (for influenza virus) and multiplex real-time PCR. Results showed that rhinovirus, RSV A and B, HMPV A and B, influenza B, coronavirus 229, coronavirus 43, influenza A, coronavirus 63, parainfluenza and influenza A/H1N1 were responsible for acute RVI (30). Clinical outcomes of HRSV infection also were studied among immunocompromised outpatient children with hematologic malignancy, solid organ transplant or hematopoietic cell transplant.…”

Section: Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Hrsv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Respiratory Infections in Patients with Cancer

Arjeyni

Goudarzi

Eslami

et al. 2017

Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Context: Cancers are among the gravest causes of the intensive immunodeficiency and provide favorable conditions for severe respiratory tract infections. Evidence Acquisition: Using various keywords related to the subject matter, articles were analyzed in PubMed and appropriately selected for review. Results: In patients with cancer, some viral respiratory infections such as HRSV, Influenza virus, HCMV, HMPV and HPIV are prevalent. Conclusions: Viral respiratory infections in cancer patients are common and can worsen the patients' condition and disrupt the treatment process. Therefore, prevention and treatment of respiratory viral infections in cancer patients is important.

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“…Second to rhinovirus, the most represented virus is HRSV, found in 2.1-46% of cases. HMPV has been found in 3.3-13.5% of cases, being classified as the third [19], fourth [18,[20][21][22][23], fifth [24] and tenth [25,26] most frequent respiratory virus, according to the literature reviewed. Interestingly, HMPV has been reported as the only viral agent that was responsible for an outbreak in a pediatric oncology population [27] (Table 1).…”

Section: Distribution Of Respiratory Viruses In Pediatric Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

HMPV in Immunocompromised Patients: Frequency and Severity in Pediatric Oncology Patients

Martinez-Rodriguez

Baños-Lara

2020

Pathogens

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Cancer is the first cause of death by disease in childhood globally. The most frequent types of cancers in children and adolescents are leukemias, followed by brain and central nervous system tumors and lymphomas. The recovery rate of cancer in children is around 80% in developed countries and up to 30% in developing countries. Some of the main causes of complications in children and adolescents with cancer are respiratory viral infections, mainly in bone marrow-transplanted patients. Respiratory viruses have been detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage or nasal wash specimens from cancer patients with or without respiratory illness symptoms. Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is within the ten most common viruses that are encountered in samples from pediatric patients with underlying oncology conditions. In most of cases, HMPV is found as the only viral agent, but co-infection with other viruses or with bacterial agents has also been reported. The discrepancies between the most prevalent viral agents may be due to the different populations studied or the range of viral agents tested. Some of the cases of infection with HMPV in cancer patients have been fatal, especially in those who have received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. This review seeks to show a general view of the participation of HMPV in respiratory illness as a complication of cancer in childhood and adolescence. Keywords: pediatric cancer infections; HMPV; fatal cases in HSCT patients Childhood Cancer Global SituationCancer is the first cause of death by disease in children around the world. The five-year rate of survival of children who have cancer is up to 80% in developed countries, but for developing countries, the survival rate is less than 30% [1].According to a study based in cancer registries from 52 countries, the types of cancer in childhood (0-19 years old) during 2001-2010 were leukemia, lymphoma, central nervous system tumors, sympathetic nervous system tumors, retinoblastoma, renal tumors, hepatic tumors, bone tumors, soft tissue sarcomas, germ cell and gonadal tumors, epithelial tumors, and melanomas. The most frequent cancers in children of 0-14 years are leukemia, followed by lymphoma; meanwhile, for the ages of 15-19, the most prevalent is lymphoma, followed by leukemia [2].Cancer in childhood comprises only 1% of the total cancer cases worldwide; however, it has a dramatic impact. Recently the years of life lost due to cancer in childhood (0-19 years old) were calculated with global cancer registries in 2017, with a result of more than 11 million years [3].

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Acute respiratory viral infections in pediatric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

Abstract: the prevalence of respiratory viruses was relevant in the infectious episode, with no increase in morbidity and mortality. Viral co-detection was frequent in patients with cancer and ARIs.

Cited by 35 publications

References 26 publications

Respiratory Viral Infections in Children and Adolescents With Hematological Malignancies

Respiratory Viral Infections in Children and Adolescents With Hematological Malignancies

Viral Respiratory Infections in Patients with Cancer

HMPV in Immunocompromised Patients: Frequency and Severity in Pediatric Oncology Patients

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