Acute respiratory infection and pneumonia in India: A systematic review of literature for advocacy and action: UNICEF-PHFI series on newborn and child health, India

Mathew, Joseph L; Patwari, A. K.; Gupta, Piyush; Shah, Dheeraj; Gera, Tarun; Gogia, Siddhartha; Mohan, Pavitra; Panda, Rajmohan; Menon, Subhadra

doi:10.1007/s13312-011-0051-8

Cited by 92 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Recent systematic reviews of childhood pneumonia etiology suggest that in developing countries, a few bacteria (S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae) and viruses (respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus) are associated with majority of childhood CAP. 3,5,[10][11][12] A systematic review from India suggested that about 15-24% of bacterial pneumonia in South Asian countries can be attributed to S. pneumonia. 13 Accurate, reliable and rapid determination of etiology in childhood CAP is important because it would influence individual treatment decisions, antibiotic policy in the community, and also rational immunization policy at a national level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bacteriological and clinical profile of community acquired pneumonia in hospitalised children with associated co-morbidity in a tertiary care centre of Western Rajasthan, India

Shekhawat

Sharma

Singh

et al. 2016

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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confidence: 99%

Bacteriological and clinical profile of community acquired pneumonia in hospitalised children with associated co-morbidity in a tertiary care centre of Western Rajasthan, India

Shekhawat

Sharma

Singh

et al. 2016

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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“…12 A metaanalysis of ARI among under 5 children based on 12 Indian studies conducted since 1994, estimated incidence rates between 2.4 to 7.4 episodes per child per year and also highlighted the lack of community based studies on etiology of ARI from pneumonia. 13 In developing countries like India on an average every child has five episodes of ARI / year accounting for 30% -50% of total pediatric outpatient visits and 20-30% of pediatric admissions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Clinico-epidemiological profile of acute respiratory infections and malnutrition in urban and rural population of central India

Jawade

Sukhsohale

Jawade

et al. 2016

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) and Malnutrition in children have tremendous burden on the health care sector of developing nations including India. The intensity with which these conditions are holding grip in the community is indeed a matter of concern and hence developing nations should develop an insight to assess the severity of it has become a necessity.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in children aged 0-14 years. Children were clinically assessed and diagnosis was made as URTI or LRTI Also anthropometry was performed and accordingly children were divided into categories of no malnutrition (NM), severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) in ‘under 5’ years age children according to WHO guidelines, whereas children aged ‘above 5’ years were categorized as per the IAP guidelines.Results: It was observed that most of the mothers of children were illiterate with inadequate or absent ventilation and use of biomass fuels (chulha) for cooking purpose in households of rural children. The proportion of malnutrition was found to be equal in Under 5 children. In ‘above 5 years’ age study subjects, 52.4% of urban study subjects were normal as compared to 16.7% of rural study subjects.Conclusions: Our study implies that ARI and Malnutrition definitely is more prevalent in the pediatric population. Prevalence of URTI was found to be on a higher side in the rural population and LRTI prevalence was found to be higher in the urban population. Similarly, the prevalence of malnutrition was almost similar in ‘Under 5’ aged children, whereas the prevalence of malnutrition in ‘Above 5’ aged children was higher in the rural population than urban population.

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“…Pneumonia deaths account for approximately onefourth of the total deaths in under-five children, in India. [1] ARI is also an important cause of morbidity in the children across world, with an average about 5 episodes of ARI per child per year so accounting for about 238 million attacks. Medical records of states with high infant mortality rate show that up to 13% of inpatient deaths in pediatric wards are due to ARI.…”

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Association of maternal education and socioeconomic status with knowledge, attitude, and practice of her child regarding acute respiratory infections

Mutalik¹,

Raje²

2017

Int J Med Sci Public Health

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INTRODUCTIONChildhood acute respiratory infections are a significant public public health problem in developing and underdeveloped countries. Pneumonia deaths account for approximately onefourth of the total deaths in under-five children, in India. [1] ARI is also an important cause of morbidity in the children across world, with an average about 5 episodes of ARI per child per year so accounting for about 238 million attacks. Medical records of states with high infant mortality rate show that up to 13% of inpatient deaths in pediatric wards are due to ARI.[2] The proportion of death due to ARI in the community is much higher as many children die at home. The rural parts of India where most of the population resides have still more deaths due to ARI due to poor health infrastructure, poor facilities and services, absence of doctors, poor accessibility, and many more. Hence, there is a certain need to create awareness among parents by which they can prevent the mortality and morbidity due to ARI.One of the determinants of child health is the knowledge of the child's mother [3] In most of communities across the Background:The proportion of death due to ARI in the community is much higher as many children die at home. ARI is also an important cause of morbidity in the children across world, with an average about 5 episodes of ARI per child per year so accounting for about 238 million attacks. Medical records of states with high infant mortality rate show that up to 13% of inpatient deaths in pediatric wards are due to ARI. Objectives: The objectives are to find the association between socioeconomic status with maternal knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP), to find the association of maternal education with child KAP, and to find the association of maternal education with maternal KAP. Materials and Methods: A crosssectional study was carried out among the secondary high school children Azad High School, Kasegaon, to find the relationship between maternal education and socioeconomic status on KAP of mother and her child regarding acute respiratory infections. A pre-structured and pretested questionnaire was used to get the information regarding definition, causes, signs, symptoms, treatment, and prevention of respiratory illness. Results: Nearly 68% of the mothers completed school education, 6.8% had college education, and 37% were illiterate mothers. As per the occupation, 54.7% were farmers, 23.6% were labors, 12.8% were housewives, and 8.8% were professionals. Most of the families were belonging to middle class, i.e., 72.3%, 25.7% to lower class, and 2% to upper class. Conclusion: Maternal socioeconomic class and maternal education have an important role in the KAP of her children regarding acute respiratory infections.

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Acute respiratory infection and pneumonia in India: A systematic review of literature for advocacy and action: UNICEF-PHFI series on newborn and child health, India

Abstract: The systematic review summarizes current evidence on childhood ARI and pneumonia management and provides evidence to inform child health programs in India.

Cited by 92 publications

References 95 publications

Bacteriological and clinical profile of community acquired pneumonia in hospitalised children with associated co-morbidity in a tertiary care centre of Western Rajasthan, India

Bacteriological and clinical profile of community acquired pneumonia in hospitalised children with associated co-morbidity in a tertiary care centre of Western Rajasthan, India

Clinico-epidemiological profile of acute respiratory infections and malnutrition in urban and rural population of central India

Association of maternal education and socioeconomic status with knowledge, attitude, and practice of her child regarding acute respiratory infections

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