Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Caused by the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Practical Comprehensive Literature Review

Montenegro, Francisco; Unigarro, Luis; Paredes, Gustavo Reaño; Moya, Tatiana; Romero, Ana Belén Serrano; Torres, Lucía Herrera; López, Juan Carlos; González, Fernando Esteban Jara; Pozo, Gustavo; López‐Cortés, Andrés; Diaz, Ana M.; Vásconez, Eduardo; Cevallos-Robalino, Doménica; Lister, Alex; Ortíz-Prado, Esteban

doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0045.v1

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…The treatment basis for moderate-severe ARDS secondary to COVID-19 is based on ventilatory support with low tidal volumes, a prone position, and active management of intravenous fluids 19,20,35,36 . In this way, it is evident that the strategy The ventilator used for both groups in the present study was protective and up to 79.1% of patients complied with the prone position.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The link between chronic exposure due to high altitude living and the clinical features of COVID-19 patients has been poorly studied 17,18 . Studies on clinical, ventilatory and respiratory support parameters’ differences have been studied in locations below 1,500 m and no evidence about the role of high-altitude exposure on severally ill COVID-19 patients have been published 19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-altitude is associated with better short-term survival in critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU

Jaramillo¹,

Simbaña-Rivera

Silva

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundThe novel human coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has affected at least 218 countries worldwide. Some geographical and environmental factors are positively associated with a better or worse prognosis concerning COVID-19 disease and with lower or higher SARS-CoV-2 transmission. High altitude exposure has been associated with lower SARS-CoV-2 attack rates; nevertheless, the role of chronic high-altitude exposure on the clinical outcome of critically ill COVID-19 patients has not been studied.ObjectiveTo compare the clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in two intensive care units (ICU) located at low and high altitude.Exposure and OutcomeTo explore the effect of two different elevations (10 m vs 2,850 m above sea level) on COVID-19 clinical outcome and survival.MethodsA prospective cohort, two-center study in confirmed COVID-19 adult patients admitted to a low altitude (Sea level) and high altitude (2,850 m) ICU units in Ecuador was conducted. Two hundred and thirty confirmed COVID-19 patients were enrolled from March 15th to July 15th, 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters including supportive therapies, pharmacological treatments and medical complications were reported and compared between the low and high-altitude groups.ResultsThe median age of all the patients was 60 years, 64.8% were men and 35.2% were women. A total of 105 (45.7%) patients had at least one underlying comorbidity, the most frequent being chronic diseases, such as hypertension (33.5%), diabetes (16.5%), and chronic kidney failure (5.7%). The APACHE II scale at 72 hours was especially higher in the low-altitude group with a median of 18 points (IQR: 9.5-24.0), compared to 9 points (IQR: 5.0-22.0) obtained in the group of high altitude. There is evidence of a difference in survival in favor of the high-altitude group (p = 0.006), the median survival being 39 days, compared to 21 days in the low altitude group.ConclusionThere has been a substantial improvement in survival amongst people admitted to the high-altitude critical care unit. High altitude living was associated with improved survival, especially among patients with no comorbidities. COVID-19 patients admitted to the high-altitude ICU unit have improved severity-of-disease classification system scores at 72 hours and reported better respiratory and ventilatory profiles than the low altitude group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-altitude is associated with better short-term survival in critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU

Jaramillo¹,

Simbaña-Rivera

Silva

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The new acute infectious disease of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan and then spread to all provinces in China (1). COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus 2019, was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 9 March 2020 (2). Up to the 2 November 2020, a total of 46,403,652 confirmed cases were reported in more than 200 countries with 1,198,569 mortalities (3) and this situation continues to cause concern around the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliometric Analysis of the 103 Most-Cited Articles about COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Field

Öner¹,

Hancı

2021

Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences

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Introduction:The COVID-19 pandemic affects the whole world and many studies were published about intensive care. Our aim is to assess the characteristics of 103 publications with most citations among literature related to COVID-19 in the intensive care field. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study used suitable key words like "COVID-19", "COVID-2019", "SARS-CoV-2" and "pandemic" in the "Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science" database to determine the top 103 publications with most citations. Comparison of groups used the Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests. Results: Analysis of intensive care literature about COVID-19 up to October 2020 determined 1413 publications. The most-cited study had 1004 citations, while 7 was the minimum citations within the top 103 studies. The mean total citation number for these publications was 49.58±117.63. The most-cited study was by Xu, Zhe et al. in the April 2020 issue of Lancet Respiratory Medicine entitled "Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome". When the areas of focus of the top studies are investigated, they were COVID-19 treatment (26.21%), experience and recommendations about COVID-19 (23.30%) and COVID-19 physiopathology (13.59%). Conclusions: Our study is the first to analyze the top 103 studies with most citations related to COVID-19 in the intensive care literature. With the spread of the pandemic, academic articles continue to be published with great speed. Bibliographic studies provide critical information to assess the citation profile and determine the areas of focus. Future intensive care publications about COVID-19 will focus on diagnosis, treatment and physiopathology.

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“…COVID-19, a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by SARS-CoV-2 resulted in unprecedented mortality worldwide [1]. Remdesivir is currently the only drug approved by FDA for the treatment of COVID-19 [2] as it is demonstrated to reduce the viral loads invitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low dose dexamethasone in combination with Remdesivir does not cause immune dysregulation

Kannan¹,

Damerla²,

Sasikala

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundThe administration of Remdesivir/Dexamethasone combination on T and B cell responses in patients with COVID-19 is sparse. To compare cell mediated immune response in patients treated with only Remdesivir and Remdesivir/dexamethasone combinationStudy DesignProspective, cohort studyMethodsRT-PCR positive SARS-CoV-2 patients (n=49) were enrolled. Patients not requiring O2-supplementation were on remdesivir and those requiring were on remdesivir/dexamethasone. Baseline parameters (complete blood picture, inflammatory markers), T and B cells (flow cytometry: day 5 and 30) and neutralizing antibodies (chemiluminescence: day 30) were estimated. Students “t’’ test was used to evaluate the differences.ResultsOf the 49 patients, 26 (Mean age-44.68±13.45) were treated with remdesivir and 23 (Mean age-48.33±14.76) with remdesivir/dexamethasone combination. While blood counts and immune cells increased, inflammatory markers decreased post treatment in both the groups. A significant increase in WBC (6357±981Vs10700±1363; p=0.01), absolute neutrophil counts (4578±711Vs8256±1323; p=0.01) with decrease in levels of CRP (31±7.1Vs10±4.2; p=0.01), D-Dimer (172.3±8Vs118.1±12; p=0.0005), IL6 (17.6±3.8Vs1.72±0.2; p=0.0001), CD4 cells (2681±86Vs1256±369; p=0.0003), CD8 cells (1749±88 Vs 1256±221; p=0.01) and neutralizing antibodies were seen post treatment in the combination group. Correction of hypoxia and maintenance of oxygen >95% was also noted. ConclusionRemdesivir/dexamethasone combination given to patients requiring oxygen supplementation is safe at 4-6mg/day and showed a marked decrease in inflammation and no immune dysregulation.

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Caused by the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Practical Comprehensive Literature Review

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

High-altitude is associated with better short-term survival in critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU

High-altitude is associated with better short-term survival in critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU

Bibliometric Analysis of the 103 Most-Cited Articles about COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Field

Low dose dexamethasone in combination with Remdesivir does not cause immune dysregulation

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