Acute physical exercise under hypoxia improves sleep, mood and reaction time

Aquino-Lemos, Valdir de; Santos, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli dos; Antunes, Hanna Karen Moreira; Lira, Fábio Santos; Bittar, Irene Guarido Luz; Caris, Aline Venticinque; Tufik, Sérgio; Mello, Marco Túlio de

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.10.028

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, when SpO 2 was further decreased to 92 ± 3% after HIE in hypoxia, the moderate hypoxia still did not affect reaction time or accuracy rate. This finding was consistent with studies that reported no influence of moderate hypoxia (i.e., corresponding to altitudes of 1300 or 2600 m) on cognitive function [24,28], but conflicts with those that found attenuated cognitive performance during exercise under severe hypoxia (i.e., equivalent to altitudes of 3800 or 4500 m) [22,39]. It appears that the severity of hypoxia plays an important role in the exercise–cognition interaction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…To avoid potential damage due to hyperperfusion and hypocapnia, a cerebral vasoconstriction response and subsequent reductions in CBF and brain oxygenation are observed during high-intensity exercise in normoxia [42,43]. In contrast, arterial oxygen content is decreased in hypoxia [22,24,28]. In order to compensate for the reduced oxygen availability, greater cerebral vascular conductance and increased CBF have been found to secure brain oxygen delivery in the first place [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, exercise under hypoxia may have negative effects on executive function [20], because the diminished oxygen availability under hypoxic conditions can decrease the arterial oxygen content and cause cerebral hypoxia [21]. Previous studies found that scores in a number of neurocognitive domains, including processing speed, memory, executive function and attention, are reduced after acute exposure to severe hypoxia at altitudes equivalent to 4500–5500 m [22,23]. Although moderate-intensity exercise under low to moderate levels of hypoxia (corresponding to altitudes of 1300 m and 2600 m) improves reaction time and response accuracy, the beneficial effects disappear in the absence of exercise [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Hypoxia on Cognition in Sedentary Young Adults

et al. 2019

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Background and Objectives: Limited research has evaluated the effects of acute exercise on cognition under different conditions of inspired oxygenation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIE) under normoxia (inspired fraction of oxygen (FIO2): 0.209) and moderate hypoxia (FIO2: 0.154) on cognitive function. Design: A single-blinded cross-over design was used to observe the main effects of exercise and oxygen level, and interaction effects on cognitive task performance. Methods: Twenty inactive adults (10 males and 10 females, 19–27 years old) performed a cognitive task (i.e., the Go/No-Go task) before and immediately after an acute bout of HIE under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The HIE comprised 10 repetitions of 6 s high-intensity cycling against 7.5% body weight interspersed with 30 s passive recovery. Heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and rating of perceived exertion were monitored. Results: The acute bout of HIE did not affect the reaction time (p = 0.204, η2 = 0.083) but the accuracy rate decreased significantly after HIE under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.467). Moreover, moderate hypoxia had no influence either on reaction time (p = 0.782, η2 = 0.004) or response accuracy (p = 0.972, η2 < 0.001). Conclusions: These results indicate that an acute session of HIE may impair response accuracy immediately post-HIE, without sacrificing reaction time. Meanwhile moderate hypoxia was found to have no adverse effect on cognitive function in inactive young adults, at least in the present study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Hypoxia on Cognition in Sedentary Young Adults

et al. 2019

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“…One of the best indicators of the speed and efficiency of mental processes is choice reaction time (CRT) and the number of correct reactions (NCR), especially if these variables are used to assess the cognitive function within the same group of participants [ 22 , 23 ]. However, in previous studies, the effect of hypoxia on CRT was ambiguous and most likely depended on the time of exposure [ 24 , 25 ] and level of hypoxia: moderate vs. severe [ 24 , 26 , 27 ]. Some studies show that acute exposure to severe hypoxia led to an increase in CRT [ 24 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Induced Elevated BDNF Level Does Not Prevent Cognitive Impairment Due to Acute Exposure to Moderate Hypoxia in Well-Trained Athletes

Piotrowicz

Chalimoniuk

Płoszczyca

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Exposure to acute hypoxia causes a detrimental effect on the brain which is also manifested by a decrease in the ability to perform psychomotor tasks. Conversely, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), whose levels are elevated in response to exercise, is a well-known factor in improving cognitive function. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate whether the exercise under hypoxic conditions affects psychomotor performance. For this purpose, 11 healthy young athletes performed a graded cycloergometer exercise test to volitional exhaustion under normoxia and acute mild hypoxia (FiO2 = 14.7%). Before, immediately after exercise and after a period of recovery, choice reaction time (CRT) and number of correct reactions (NCR) in relation to changes in serum BDNF were examined. Additionally, other selected factors which may modify BDNF production, i.e., cortisol (C), nitrite, catecholamines (adrenalin-A, noradrenaline-NA, dopamine-DA, serotonin-5-HT) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), were also measured. Exercise in hypoxic conditions extended CRT by 13.8% (p < 0.01) and decreased NCR (by 11.5%) compared to rest (p < 0.05). During maximal workload, NCR was lower by 9% in hypoxia compared to normoxia (p < 0.05). BDNF increased immediately after exercise in normoxia (by 29.3%; p < 0.01), as well as in hypoxia (by 50.0%; p < 0.001). There were no differences in BDNF between normoxia and hypoxia. Considering the fact that similar levels of BDNF were seen in both conditions but cognitive performance was suppressed in hypoxia, acute elevation of BDNF did not compensate for hypoxia-induced cognition impairment. Moreover, neither potentially negative effects of C nor positive effects of A, DA and NO on the brain were observed in our study.

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“…Lei et al showed cognitive improvement in GNG task during moderate exercise under severe hypoxia in females. de Aquino‐Lemos et al reported an improvement in cognitive performance in the GNG task after moderate exercise following prolonged exposure to hypoxia for 28 hours, which suggests that acute exercise has the potential to improve cognitive performance during prolonged exposure to hypoxia.…”

Section: Combined Effects Of Acute Exercise and Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The interactive effects of acute exercise and hypoxia on cognitive performance: A narrative review

Andò

Komiyama

Sudo

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Acute moderate intensity exercise has been shown to improve cognitive performance. In contrast, hypoxia is believed to impair cognitive performance. The detrimental effects of hypoxia on cognitive performance are primarily dependent on the severity and duration of exposure. In this review, we describe how acute exercise under hypoxia alters cognitive performance, and propose that the combined effects of acute exercise and hypoxia on cognitive performance are mainly determined by interaction among exercise intensity and duration, the severity of hypoxia, and duration of exposure to hypoxia. We discuss the physiological mechanism(s) of the interaction and suggest that alterations in neurotransmitter function, cerebral blood flow, and possibly cerebral metabolism are the primary candidates that determine cognitive performance when acute exercise is combined with hypoxia. Furthermore, acclimatization appears to counteract impaired cognitive performance during prolonged exposure to hypoxia although the precise physiological mechanism(s) responsible for this amelioration remain to be elucidated. This review has implications for sporting, occupational, and recreational activities at terrestrial high altitude where cognitive performance is essential. Further studies are required to understand physiological mechanisms that determine cognitive performance when acute exercise is performed in hypoxia.

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Acute physical exercise under hypoxia improves sleep, mood and reaction time

Cited by 15 publications

References 51 publications

The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Hypoxia on Cognition in Sedentary Young Adults

The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Hypoxia on Cognition in Sedentary Young Adults

Exercise-Induced Elevated BDNF Level Does Not Prevent Cognitive Impairment Due to Acute Exposure to Moderate Hypoxia in Well-Trained Athletes

The interactive effects of acute exercise and hypoxia on cognitive performance: A narrative review

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