Acute-Phase Inflammatory Response to Single-Bout HIIT and Endurance Training: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Objective. This study compared acute and late effect of single-bout endurance training (ET) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the plasma levels of four inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein and insulin-like growth factor 1. Design. Cohort study with repeated-measures design. Methods. Seven healthy untrained volunteers completed a single bout of ET and HIIT on a cycle ergometer. ET and HIIT sessions were held in random order and at least 7 days apart. Blood was drawn before the interventions and 30 min and 2 days after the training sessions. Plasma samples were analyzed with ELISA for the interleukins (IL), IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Statistical analysis was with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results. ET led to both a significant acute and long-term inflammatory response with a significant decrease at 30 minutes after exercise in the IL-6/IL-10 ratio (−20%; p = 0.047) and a decrease of MCP-1 (−17.9%; p = 0.03). Conclusion. This study demonstrates that ET affects the inflammatory response more adversely at 30 minutes after exercise compared to HIIT. However, this is compensated by a significant decrease in MCP-1 at two days associated with a reduced risk of atherosclerosis.

Human hair follicle transcriptome profiling: a minimally invasive tool to assess molecular adaptations upon low‐volume, high‐intensity interval training

“…; Kaspar et al. ). Moreover, the distinctly downregulated KEGG pathway Steroid hormone biosynthesis might be the linked to the observed inhibition of JAK‐STAT associated hormone expression, as previously reported (Gupta and Mayer ).…”

“…; Kaspar et al. ). Taken together, it is possible to use the aforementioned molecular biomarkers in combination with specific metabolic parameters (such as heart rate, respiratory gas exchange, mitochondrial function, and energy metabolism) to monitor and study HIIT‐induced effects (Gibala et al.…”

“…In addition to muscle adaptations, increased insulin sensitivity of the liver and adipose tissue have been proposed as part of the HIIT responses, which were also related to AMPK and PI3K-PKB pathways (Marcinko et al 2015). Furthermore, immuno-inflammatory responses (IR) have also been closely related to HIIT (Zwetsloot et al 2014;Cullen et al 2016;Elmer et al 2016;Kaspar et al 2016). Taken together, it is possible to use the aforementioned molecular biomarkers in combination with specific metabolic parameters (such as heart rate, respiratory gas exchange, mitochondrial function, and energy metabolism) to monitor and study HIIT-induced effects (Gibala et al 2012;Marcinko et al 2015).…”

Diabesity Increases Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

“…The (MCP-1/IGF-1)*IL-6 while not significant did trend upwards throughout the four groups, whereas the (MCP-1/IGF-1)*IL-1β ratio appeared to trend down with the obese group and upwards with the diabesity group. We have previously observed significant differences in IL-6/IL-10, as a measure of the pro/anti-inflammatory response in endurance training and high intensity interval training when compared to a control group [49]. Our own work on mild cognitive decline also suggests that the interaction between IL-6 and IL-10 measured as a ratio is part of the pathophysiological process [50].…”

Can intervals enhance the inflammatory response and enjoyment in upper-body exercise?

“…Typically, HIIT sessions take not more than 20 min and have been shown to be equally or even more effective in inducing cardiovascular adaptations (Gibala et al 2012) and improving performance (Milanović et al 2015) compared to moderate-intensity continuous exercise. Investigating the acute inflammatory response, Leggate et al (2010) and Wadley et al (2015) showed that the increase in IL-6 after HIIT was greater compared to moderate-intensity continuous exercise, although this finding has not consistently been shown in the literature (Cabral-Santos et al 2015;Kaspar et al 2016).…”