Acute offline transcranial direct current stimulation does not change pain or anxiety produced by the cold pressor test

Brasil‐Neto, Joaquim P.; Iannone, Aline; Caixeta, Fábio Viegas; Cavendish, Beatriz Araújo; Cruz, Antônio Pedro de Mello; Buratto, Luciano Grüdtner

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135300

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Previous metaanalyses also support our findings and show that anodal tDCS stimulation over M1 increases pain threshold in both healthy (Vaseghi et al, 2014) and clinical pain (Giannoni-Luza et al, 2020) population. However, our results are in contrast with previous studies that reported negative effects of tDCS on cold pain threshold among healthy volunteers (Bachmann et al, 2010;Grundmann et al, 2011;Borckardt et al, 2012;Jürgens et al, 2012;Brasil-Neto et al, 2020;Kold and Graven-Nielsen, 2021). Unlike the conventional pad-based tDCS frequently used in previous studies (Bachmann et al, 2010;Grundmann et al, 2011;Jürgens et al, 2012), we used HD-tDCS montage with multiple smaller electrodes that can provide more focal stimulation on the M1, thereby, increasing the credibility of activating M1 (Nitsche et al, 2007;Kuo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Figure 4 | Associations Between Analgesic Effects Of Anodal ...contrasting

confidence: 89%

“…Unlike the conventional pad-based tDCS frequently used in previous studies (Bachmann et al, 2010;Grundmann et al, 2011;Jürgens et al, 2012), we used HD-tDCS montage with multiple smaller electrodes that can provide more focal stimulation on the M1, thereby, increasing the credibility of activating M1 (Nitsche et al, 2007;Kuo et al, 2013). A few studies did employ the HD-tDCS stimulation over M1 but also reported little or marginal effect on cold pain threshold (Borckardt et al, 2012;Brasil-Neto et al, 2020;Kold and Graven-Nielsen, 2021). Most of these studies measured cold pain sensitivity before and after the tDCS intervention, which likely induce habituation or sensitization to the noxious stimulus.…”

Section: Figure 4 | Associations Between Analgesic Effects Of Anodal ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex on Cold Pain Sensitivity Among Healthy Adults

Lin

Yao

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Some clinical studies have shown promising effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) on pain relief. Nevertheless, a few studies reported no significant analgesic effects of tDCS, likely due to the complexity of clinical pain conditions. Human experimental pain models that utilize indices of pain in response to well-controlled noxious stimuli can avoid many confounds that are present in the clinical data. This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) stimulation over M1 on sensitivity to experimental pain and assess whether these effects could be influenced by the pain-related cognitions and emotions. A randomized, double-blinded, crossover, and sham-controlled design was adopted. A total of 28 healthy participants received anodal, cathodal, or sham HD-tDCS over M1 (1 mA for 20 min) in different sessions, in which montage has the advantage of producing more focal stimulation. Using a cold pressor test, several indices reflecting the sensitivity to cold pain were measured immediately after HD-tDCS stimulation, such as cold pain threshold and tolerance and cold pain intensity and unpleasantness ratings. Results showed that only anodal HD-tDCS significantly increased cold pain threshold when compared with sham stimulation. Neither anodal nor cathodal HD-tDCS showed significant analgesic effects on cold pain tolerance, pain intensity, and unpleasantness ratings. Correlation analysis revealed that individuals that a had lower level of attentional bias to negative information benefited more from attenuating pain intensity rating induced by anodal HD-tDCS. Therefore, single-session anodal HD-tDCS modulates the sensory-discriminative aspect of pain perception as indexed by the increased pain threshold. In addition, the modulating effects of HD-tDCS on attenuating pain intensity to suprathreshold pain could be influenced by the participant’s negative attentional bias, which deserves to be taken into consideration in the clinical applications.

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Section: Figure 4 | Associations Between Analgesic Effects Of Anodal ...contrasting

confidence: 89%

Section: Figure 4 | Associations Between Analgesic Effects Of Anodal ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex on Cold Pain Sensitivity Among Healthy Adults

Lin

Yao

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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“…Finally, 29 studies [5,9,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] were included in the qualitative analysis, and 17 [5,9,17,[19][20][21]24,26,40,43,44,46,48,50,53,55,56] were included in the quantitative analysis, with a total of 700 subjects. The whole screening process is shown in the PRISMA flow diagram (Figure 1).…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the selected studies, most of the studies applied a-tDCS over M1 [5,9,19,[21][22][23][24][25]40,[42][43][44][47][48][49][50][55][56][57], and other studies applied a-tDCS over DLPFC [9,22,26,43,47,[51][52][53][54], S1 [24,53], and SO [19]. Six studies applied c-tDCS over M1 [21,24,40,47,54,57], two over DLPFC [26,47], two over S1 [45,48], and one over ACC [17].…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Effects on Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) and Nociceptive Processing in Healthy Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gurdiel-Álvarez,

González-Zamorano,

Lerma-Lara

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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Background: The aim of this study is to determine the effect that different tDCS protocols have on pain processing in healthy people, assessed using quantitative sensory tests (QST) and evoked pain intensity. Methods: We systematically searched in EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed, PEDro, PsycInfo, and Web of Science. Articles on tDCS on a healthy population and regarding QST, such as pressure pain thresholds (PPT), heat pain thresholds (HPT), cold pain threshold (CPT), or evoked pain intensity were selected. Quality was analyzed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and PEDro scale. Results: Twenty-six RCTs were included in the qualitative analysis and sixteen in the meta-analysis. There were no significant differences in PPTs between tDCS and sham, but differences were observed when applying tDCS over S1 in PPTs compared to sham. Significant differences in CPTs were observed between tDCS and sham over DLPFC and differences in pain intensity were observed between tDCS and sham over M1. Non-significant effects were found for the effects of tDCS on HPTs. Conclusion: tDCS anodic over S1 stimulation increases PPTs, while a-tDCS over DLPFC affects CPTs. The HPTs with tDCS are worse. Finally, M1 a-tDCS seems to reduce evoked pain intensity in healthy subjects.

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“…While some studies have shown an increase in pain thresholds by anodal M1 tDCS, other studies resulted in no change in pain thresholds (Bachmann et al, 2010; Boggio et al, 2008; Flood et al, 2016; Gurdiel-Álvarez et al, 2021; Li et al, 2022; Mordillo-Mateos et al, 2017; Zandieh et al, 2013). Moreover, studies that investigated the effect of DLPFC tDCS on pain thresholds in healthy participants have also yielded mixed results (Boggio et al, 2008; Brasil-Neto et al, 2020; Deldar et al, 2018; Mariano et al, 2016). Luedtke and colleagues used a different method from studies where pain levels caused by the current disease of the patients were evaluated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Session Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Different Cortical Areas

Erdoğan

Kucuk²,

Eskikurt

et al. 2023

Journal of Psychophysiology

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Abstract. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) studies in healthy volunteers have shown conflicting results in terms of modulation in pain thresholds. The aim of this study was to investigate how single session anodal tDCS and modulated tDCS (mtDCS) of distinct cortical areas affected pain and perception thresholds in healthy participants. Five different stimulation conditions were applied at different cortical sites to 20 healthy volunteers to investigate the effects of tDCS and mtDCS (20 Hz) on pain and perception thresholds. TDCS over the motor cortex (M1), mtDCS over the motor cortex, tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), mtDCS of the DLPFC, and mtDCS over the occipital cortex were the stimulation conditions. All of the stimulations were anodal. The stimulations were given in a randomized order at 20-minute intervals. For comparison, electrical pain and perception thresholds were obtained from the right middle finger before and during the tDCS. After each measurement, participants were asked to give a score to their pain. In repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) test, the Condition × Time interaction showed no significant influence on changes in pain, perception thresholds, and pain scores ( p = .48, p = .89, and p = .50, respectively). However, regardless of the condition types, there was a significant difference in pain and perceptual thresholds during tDCS ( p = .01, p = .025, respectively). Our findings did not support difference in pain and perception modulation by a single session anodal tDCS over M1 and DLPFC compared to the occipital cortex in healthy volunteers. The increase in all thresholds during tDCS, irrespective of conditions, and peripheral sensations, including an active control group, taken together, suggest a placebo effect of active tDCS. Future studies about pain and perception in healthy subjects should consider the level of experimental pain and a strong placebo effect.

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Acute offline transcranial direct current stimulation does not change pain or anxiety produced by the cold pressor test

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex on Cold Pain Sensitivity Among Healthy Adults

Effects of High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Primary Motor Cortex on Cold Pain Sensitivity Among Healthy Adults

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Effects on Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) and Nociceptive Processing in Healthy Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Single Session Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Different Cortical Areas

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