Acute occlusive disorders of the choroidal vasculature

Abstract

This paper is a review of choroidal vascular occlusive disorders, as revealed by experimental and clinical observations. Available evidence indicates that Elschnig's spot, mnltifocal acute ischemic choroidopathy, geographic choriodopathy, some of the conditions associated with serous retinal detachment and postoperative outer retinal ischemic necrosis represent acute choroidal ischemic lesions. The various factors which influence the nature and appearance of these lesions are discussed. The role of disturbed circulation of the vortex veins in the production of some major complications following retinal detachment surgery and of choroidal detachment is discussed.

Antiphospholipid antibody-associated choroidopathy

“…Retinal vasculopathy also remained notably absent, perhaps owing to the retina's autoregulatory capacity-a characteristic the choroid lacks. 2 An important consequence of choroidal and, consequently, RPE impairment in this exceedingly rare APS manifestation 3,4 is that plaquenil, considered a standard therapy for systemic catastrophic APS, 5 should be eschewed given both the RPE's increased susceptibility to toxicity and the poor reliability of screening for such toxicity in these cases.…”

“…An anomaly was defined as the prescription of two new drugs simultaneously, prescription of an additional drug without stopping current ineffective drug, 1 prescription of a new drug without considering nonadherence, 2 and prescription change to unorthodox drug frequency. 3 An error was defined as the prescription of a contraindicated drug or a drug with a clearly documented previous adverse drug reaction.…”

Ocular vasospasm: A risk factor in the pathogenesis of low-tension glaucoma

“…The choroidal microcirculation cannot for the time being be reliably assessed ophthalmoscopically because an intact pigment epithelium generally prevents examination of the choroid. However, many severe disturbances of choroidal circulation have been detected by fluorescein angiography [24,45].…”

Immune responsiveness to retinal S-antigen and opsin in serpiginous choroiditis and other retinal diseases

“…However, until now no specific immune responsiveness has been demonstrated. APMPPE (or AMIC, acute multifocal ischemic choroidopathy [21,22]) is a rather uncommon disease with bilateral loss of central vision secondary to multifocal yellow-white placoid lesions at the level of the pigment epithelium and choroid. It is thought to be an inflammatory reaction in the choriocapillaris with secondary involvement of the retinal pigment epithelium and a relatively benign course [23,24].…”