Acute nontraumatic cardiac tamponade

Guevara, Raul B.; Carroll, Gary F.; Iteld, Bruce

doi:10.1016/s0361-1124(79)80223-3

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Increasing intra-pericardial pressure also impedes venous return to the heart. In the absence of any immediate intervention, a considerable amount of fluid is accumulated in the pericardial cavity in a short time, and, at one point, the increased pressure reduces the systemic venous-right atrium pressure gradient (cardiac filling) to a point where cardiac output is no longer able to maintain coronary artery and systemic perfusion, resulting in cardiovascular collapse [15][16][17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudden Death Due to Cardiac Tamponade Secondary to Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Wall Rupture

Patil¹,

Singh²,

Vigneshwaran³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Sudden deaths due to natural causes are commonly seen in forensic practice, most of which are attributed to cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac tamponade (CT) is one of the causes of sudden cardiac death, with a fatal outcome usually detected at autopsy. While both trauma and non-traumatic causes are responsible for CT, it is a known complication of acute myocardial infarction leading to cardiac rupture that involves the ventricular wall, septum, and papillary muscles. We report the case of a 50-year-old male who collapsed suddenly and was declared dead in the Trauma and Emergency Unit of the hospital before admission. Autopsy findings revealed 250 mL of blood and a 206 g blood clot in the pericardial cavity with a vertical tear on the posterolateral surface of the left ventricle with focal hemorrhagic myocardium consistent with acute myocardial infarction. The cause of death was CT as a result of myocardial rupture due to acute myocardial infarction. The gross and histopathological findings were diagnostic and revealed thrombosis of the left circumflex artery, transmural myocardial infarction, and ruptured myocardium of the left ventricle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudden Death Due to Cardiac Tamponade Secondary to Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Wall Rupture

Patil¹,

Singh²,

Vigneshwaran³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…Within no time, a critical point is reached where the heart loses its compensatory mechanism and causes circulatory collapse. 6,13,14 Clinically, electrocardiographs generally reveal signs of effusion. Radiographic findings include bulging globular shadow with normal lungs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other investigations like radioisotope scanning, echocardiography, fluoroscopic scanning and angiocardiography are useful when diagnosing cardiac tamponade. 13,14 These cases often present to the emergency department as sudden deaths. In such a scenario, the findings become apparent at autopsy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dying from haemorrhagic cardiac tamponade – a case series

2019

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Cardiac tamponade is a condition produced by the rapid accumulation of pericardial fluid, which restricts the filling of the heart. Often the forensic pathologist comes across different naturally occurring sudden deaths. Cardiovascular causes are the most common. Death due to cardiac tamponade can cause sudden cardiac death. Acute cardiac tamponade is almost invariably fatal, unless the pressure is relieved by removing the pericardial fluid, either by needle pericardiocentesis or surgical procedures. Cardiac tamponade is more commonly associated with cases of trauma, operative procedures, secondary to myocardial infarction or intra pericardial rupture of great vessels. Previous literature showed an association of cardiac tamponade with many other pathological conditions such as malignancy, central venous catheterisation, open heart surgery, dissecting aneurysm of the aorta, myocardial abscess, infective endocarditis, etc. We report a series of three cases where cardiac tamponade was given as the cause of death on autopsy secondary to post-myocardial infarction wall rupture.

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