Acute Myocarditis and Left Ventricular “Hypertrophy”

Sagrera, María Riera; Sala, M. Fiol; Bárcena, Jon Pérez; García, Jaume Bergada; Cañellas, Catalina Forteza; Juve, J. Ibanez

doi:10.1046/j.1540-8175.2000.00567.x

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…2,3 Localized or generalized myocardial thickening is a rather characteristic finding in patients with myocarditis. 4,5 The extent of this phenomenon in the present case including severe concentric thickening of all parts of the left ventricle, even with a dynamic outflow tract obstruction, is, however, remarkable. The apparent myocardial hypertrophy results from the inflammatory response with interstitial edema, and thus corresponds to a "pseudohypertrophy" rather than a real hypertrophy.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Transient Left Ventricular “Hypertrophy” in a Woman with Meningoencephalitis

Maeder¹,

Wölber²,

Rickli³

et al. 2006

Echocardiography

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We report the echocardiographic findings in a 27-year-old woman with viral meningoencephalitis and a positive test for cardiac troponin. Initially, the basal parts of the left ventricle were severely hypokinetic, whereas contraction in the mid-ventricle and apex was normal. A second echocardiogram obtained 19 days after the development of pulmonary edema showed a generalized, severe myocardial thickening, the left ventricular ejection fraction being normal. Three months after the initial examination the "hypertrophy" had disappeared. The serial echocardiograms along with a positive cardiac troponin led to the diagnosis of myocarditis, which can very rarely present with the echocardiographic picture of severe left ventricular thickening.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 46%

Transient Left Ventricular “Hypertrophy” in a Woman with Meningoencephalitis

Maeder¹,

Wölber²,

Rickli³

et al. 2006

Echocardiography

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“…The underlying pathophysiology causing the transient ventricular wall thickening is unknown, but in view of the fast reverse remodeling seen in our cases, myocardial edema and/or transient cellular infiltration might be responsible. Acute myocarditis in humans can cause TMT that resembles HCM at initial presentation . In these cases, the increased ventricular wall thickness was shown to be associated with severe myocardial interstitial edema .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cats with TMT were younger than cats with HCM (median age 1.7 versus 8 years). In people, acute myocarditis is most common in young individuals, with an average age of 10 years reported in 43 patients from 9 different publications (95% CI: 0.45–19.6) . It is possible that TMT is a form of myocarditis as described in people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As reverse remodeling with normalization of cardiac structure and function is not an expected outcome in HCM, these clinical observations describe a transient form of myocardial thickening associated with CHF in cats. Transient myocardial thickening (TMT) mimicking HCM has been described in some forms of acute/fulminant myocarditis in humans and in atypical cases of stress‐induced (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy . In both situations, the increased LVWT is associated with myocardial edema …”

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confidence: 99%

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Transient Myocardial Thickening in Cats Associated with Heart Failure

Matos

Pereira

Glaus

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundCats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and congestive heart failure (CHF) can have resolution of both left ventricular hypertrophy and CHF.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical characteristics of cats with transient myocardial thickening (TMT) and CHF compared with a control population of cats without resolution of HCM.AnimalsA total of 21 cats with TMT, 21 cats with HCM.MethodsRetrospective study. Clinical records at 4 veterinary centers were searched for TMT cases and a control group of cats with HCM and CHF. TMT was defined as initial maximal left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) ≥6 mm with left‐sided CHF, with subsequent resolution of CHF, reduction in left atrium/aorta (LA/Ao), and LVWT<5.5 mm. HCM was defined as persistent LVWT ≥6 mm.ResultsCats with TMT were younger (2 [0.4–11.4] years) than cats with HCM (8 [1.6–14] years) (P < 0.0001), and antecedent events were more common (15/21 versus 6/21, respectively) (P = 0.01). In cats with TMT, LVWT normalized from 6.8 [6.0–9.7] mm to 4.8 [2.8–5.3] mm and LA/Ao decreased from 1.8 [1.6–2.3] to 1.45 [1.2–1.7] after a mean interval of 3.3 (95% CI: 1.8–4.7) months. CHF recurred in 1 of 21 TMT and 15 of 21 cats with HCM. Cardiac treatment was discontinued in 20 of 21 cats with TMT and 0 of 21 HCM cats. All cats with TMT survived, whereas 8 of 19 cats with HCM died during the study period.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceTMT occurs in younger cats, and antecedent events are common. The prognosis is better in cats with CHF associated with TMT than HCM.

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“…1,2 Signs of myocarditis detected using echocardiography and electrocardiogram (ECG) are polymorphous and nonspecific. 3 Patients with left ventricular dysfunction should be treated with conventional heart failure therapy, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (e.g. captopril), digitalis, diuretics and β-blockers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Recovery from Acute, Potentially Lethal Myocarditis

Eleftheriou

Stamatelopoulos

2009

J Int Med Res

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Two cases of acute myocarditis in young men, both with clinical and laboratory criteria indicating poor prognosis, were initially treated with conventional treatment (captopril plus metoprolol). The addition of intravenous immunoglobulin was followed by rapid clinical and laboratory recovery. This observation is considered to support previous but ambiguous evidence that autoimmune treatment may help recovery from acute myocarditis that has evidence of poor prognosis.

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Acute Myocarditis and Left Ventricular “Hypertrophy”

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Transient Left Ventricular “Hypertrophy” in a Woman with Meningoencephalitis

Transient Left Ventricular “Hypertrophy” in a Woman with Meningoencephalitis

Transient Myocardial Thickening in Cats Associated with Heart Failure

Rapid Recovery from Acute, Potentially Lethal Myocarditis

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