Acute myeloid leukaemia presenting with bilateral breast masses

Cheng, Kai‐Chun; Lam, Tina Poy Wing

doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-225735

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Breast involvement is rarely observed in myeloid sarcoma [2,13]. In 2005, up to 67 cases of breast myeloid sarcoma were listed in the literature [1]; thereafter, additional cases were sporadically reported until recently [4,15,16]. Breasts are the most commonly observed sites of first extramedullary relapse after stem-cell transplantation [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic Features of a Myeloid Sarcoma of the Breast as a Relapse of Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Stem-Cell Transplantation: A Case Report

Kim

2019

Am J Case Rep

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Patient: Female, 24 Final Diagnosis: Myeloid sarcoma of the breast Symptoms: Breast lump Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Core needle biopsy Specialty: Radiology Objective: Rare disease Background: Myeloid sarcoma is a rarely observed extramedullary presentation of myeloid leukemia that seldom manifests in the breast. Myeloid sarcoma can occur before, concurrently with, or following acute myeloid leukemia presentation. Few reports have focused on the imaging findings in cases of myeloid sarcoma of the breast, and the existing findings are variable and nonspecific; the present case report aimed to bridge this gap. Case Report: A 24-year-old female presented with a palpable lump at the upper outer quadrant of her right breast. She had noticed the mass 2 days prior to presentation. She was first diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia 18 months before the lump presentation and had undergone haploidentical stem cell transplantation 6 months prior. At the time of the breast lump presentation, she was undergoing chemotherapy for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. Ultrasonography of her right breast revealed a circumscribed, oval mass corresponding to the palpable lump. Ultrasonography-guided 14-gauge core needle biopsy was performed on the breast mass, leading to a pathological diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma. Conclusions: We reported a case of myeloid sarcoma involving the breast. On sonography, although the internal echotexture resembled that of breast hamartoma, the observed hard elasticity and high vascularity raised suspicions of malignancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic Features of a Myeloid Sarcoma of the Breast as a Relapse of Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Stem-Cell Transplantation: A Case Report

Kim

2019

Am J Case Rep

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Breast myeloid sarcoma presenting as a palpable breast lump after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myelomonocytic leukemia: a rare case report

et al. 2021

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Background Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a tumor secondary to myeloid leukemia that consists of immature granulocytes with or without mature granulocytes and is a rare extramedullary manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Case presentation We report a case of a 34-year-old woman diagnosed with AML-M4 who achieved remission after chemotherapy and received allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) for consolidation. Her past medical history showed that she received bilateral breast implants 7 years ago. This patient underwent ultrasound examination of the breast and multiple bilateral breast nodules were revealed that were not considered by clinicians to be concerning. Several months later, the patient’s bilateral nodules rapidly progressed to large palpable masses. Ultrasound-guided biopsy revealed diffuse infiltration of undifferentiated tumor cells and immunohistochemistry (IHC) indicated that the tumor was positive for myeloperoxidase (MPO), cluster of differentiation (CD) 34, CD43, CD68, CD117, and Ki67. The pathological diagnosis was extramedullary recurrence of AML as MS of breast. After the diagnosis, the patient received systemic chemotherapy and drugs containing cytarabine, azacitidine, and methotrexate. However, 1 year after achieving partial remission, the patient died from intracranial invasion of leukemia, brain herniation, and respiratory failure. Conclusion It is necessary for the specialist to have a high suspicion index by careful inquiry of the patient’s medical history if a patient presents at the breast clinic with a breast tumor as the chief complaint. Combining information from the patient’s medical history with a tumor biopsy is critical for obtaining the correct diagnosis of the disease.

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Acute myeloid leukaemia presenting with bilateral breast masses

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Sonographic Features of a Myeloid Sarcoma of the Breast as a Relapse of Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Stem-Cell Transplantation: A Case Report

Sonographic Features of a Myeloid Sarcoma of the Breast as a Relapse of Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Stem-Cell Transplantation: A Case Report

Breast myeloid sarcoma presenting as a palpable breast lump after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myelomonocytic leukemia: a rare case report

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