Acute Modulatory Effects of Apple Cider Vinegar, Garlic, Ginger, Lemon and Honey Mixture, with and Without Exercise on Postprandial Glycemia in Non-Diabetic Females

Abstract

Postprandial hyperglycemia is independently related to cardiovascular disease. Garlic, ginger, lemon, honey and apple cider vinegar are known to have anti-glycemic properties. However, the effectiveness of combination of these natural products on reducing postprandial glycemia is uncertain. The aim of the present study was to investigate the glucoselowering effect of a novel mixture consisting of apple cider vinegar, garlic, ginger, lemon, and honey; alone and in combination with exercise in response to a high-carbohydrate meal in non-diabetic individuals. Ten, female subjects (mean age: 25 ± 2.67 years, mean BMI: 22.6 ± 3.5 kg/m 2) participated in this randomised, cross-over intervention consisting of four trials: control (CON), mixture only (MIX), exercise only (EX), and exercise + mixture (EX-MIX). All trials involved consumption of a high-carbohydrate breakfast, then followed by rest in CON, consumption of natural product mixture in MIX, brisk-walking exercise in EX, and combination of mixture and exercise in EX-MIX. Blood glucose was measured at fasting, and at 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes post meal. Postprandial glucose response was calculated as area under the glucose curve. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant group and time interaction (p < 0.001). Compared to CON, postprandial glucose responses were 8%, 13% and 15% lower in MIX (p = 0.049), EX (p = 0.001) and EX-MIX (p = 0.005) respectively. Postprandial glucose was 8% lower in EX-MIX compared to MIX (p = 0.002). In conclusion, consuming natural product mixture containing garlic, ginger, lemon, honey and apple cider vinegar reduced postprandial glycemia to a certain extent, however, combining mixture with exercise produced a greater attenuation effect compared to consuming mixture alone. This finding is indicative of a potential benefit of the novel mixture as a complementary management of hyperglycemia in high-risk individuals.

The Changes in Endogenous Metabolites in Hyperlipidemic Rats Treated with Herbal Mixture Containing Lemon, Apple Cider, Garlic, Ginger, and Honey

“…Some previous studies showed promising effects of the mixture in improving the lipid profile in hyperlipidemia-induced animal models when orally fed or incorporated in the diet [ 15 , 16 ]. It also showed a good result in delaying and lowering postprandial glucose when administered alone or accompanied by exercise in non-diabetic human females after a high carbohydrate meal compared to the control group [ 17 ]. Ishak et al [ 17 ] noted the glucose changes were 8% in the mixture group, 13% in the exercise group and 15% in the mixture accompanied with the exercise group.…”

“…It also showed a good result in delaying and lowering postprandial glucose when administered alone or accompanied by exercise in non-diabetic human females after a high carbohydrate meal compared to the control group [ 17 ]. Ishak et al [ 17 ] noted the glucose changes were 8% in the mixture group, 13% in the exercise group and 15% in the mixture accompanied with the exercise group. Despite some promising results, the mechanisms that underlay the activities remain unclear.…”

Impact of Fermentation Processes on the Bioactive Profile and Health-Promoting Properties of Bee Bread, Mead and Honey Vinegar

“…The beneficial hypolipidemic effects of natural honey, a rich source of antioxidants and nutritional elements have been scarcely studied. Therefore, Ishak et al [181] investigated the effect of a mixture consisting of apple cider vinegar, garlic, ginger, lemon, and honey in lowering glucose levels in non-diabetic individuals who performed or not exercises. The individuals were also subjected to a high-carbohydrate meal.…”

Nutritional composition, phytochemicals and acute toxicity of herbal mixture (lemon, apple cider, garlic, ginger and honey) in zebrafish embryo and Wistar rat

“…Preparation of polyphenol-rich mixture (PRM) was done according to Ishak et al (2018), with a slight modification on the ratio. Lemon, garlic, ginger was first juiced using a juicer (ELBA EJE71A043lWH, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia).…”

“…The herbal mixture consists of ginger, garlic, apple cider, lemon and honey (PRM) was previously reported to reduce triglyceride levels in hyperlipidemia-induced rats and had a hepatoprotective effect on the liver (Naseem et al, 2016). In addition, this mixture was shown to reduce postprandial glucose in non-diabetic human females, alone or together with exercise (Ishak et al, 2018). Even though there were few studies conducted on this herbal mixture, there is still a lack of information in regard to its safety dosage and its phytochemicals that may contribute to their bioactivity.…”