Acute macular neuroretinopathy and COVID-19 vaccination: Case report and literature review

The characteristics of white dot syndromes following COVID-19 Vaccines: a systematic review

“…IR two distinct hyporeflective lesions located parafoveal superior-nasally in the OS and a smaller grayish area inferior-nasally of the macula in the OD, OCTA: no reduced flow in the superficial and deep capillary plexus. However, we noted a subtle flow void in the choriocapillaris AstraZeneca NA NA Headache and cervical pain on the first day after vaccination Patel et al [ 41 ] Rennie et al [ 42 ] OPL thickening, ONL thinning, and disruption of the ellipsoid zone in areas corresponding to the lesions (OU) No vascular pathology Fundoscopy: hypopigmented perifoveal areas. VF: paracentral scotomas in OU.…”

“…And a diffuse perifoveal semi-circular hyperreflective lesion OS extending from the inferonasal axis to the supertemporal axis. OCTA: no flow abnormality at superficial/deep retinal vasculature or choriocapillaris Sinopharm NA 5 A day later, she experienced flu-like symptoms Including headache, fatigue, fever, and chills Rennie et al [ 42 ] Vinzamuri et al [ 67 ] Area of parafoveal hyperreflective change in the OPL and outer nuclear layer ONL with disruption of the EZ and IZ. These lesions correlated with a wedge-shaped hypo reflective area on the near-infrared images NA Fundoscopy: large, opaque-appearing parafoveal wedge-shaped areas.…”

Long‐term follow‐up of a young male who developed acute macular neuroretinopathy following COVID‐19 vaccination

“…23,24 Most patients with AMN (>80%) are female. 23,24 Only a few cases of male patients who developed AMN after COVID-19 have been reported. To our knowledge, no long-term clinical course of a male patient who developed AMN after COVID-19 vaccination has been reported to date.…”

“…Development of other retinal disorders after COVID‐19 infection and vaccination have also been reported, with acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) and paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) being particularly common. AMN is believed to be caused by disruption of the deep retinal capillary plexus owing to an ischemic event and is suggested to be associated with nonspecific flu‐like illness or fever and the use of contraceptives 23,24 . Most patients with AMN (>80%) are female 23,24 .…”

“…AMN is believed to be caused by disruption of the deep retinal capillary plexus owing to an ischemic event and is suggested to be associated with nonspecific flu-like illness or fever and the use of contraceptives. 23,24 Most patients with AMN (>80%) are female. 23,24 Only a few cases of male patients who developed AMN after COVID-19 have been reported.…”