Acute Liver Injury and Acute Liver Failure following Bariatric Surgery

Golen, Rowan F. van; Waard, Nadine E de; Moolenaar, Laura R; Inderson, Akin; Crobach, Stijn; Langers, Alexandra M. J.; Hoek, B. van; Tushuizen, Maarten E.

doi:10.1159/000523964

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A combination of malnutrition and non-adherence to nutritional supplements can lead to liver failure. Clinical improvement with conservative treatment and appropriate nutritional support seems to be effective, as recently described by Vandeberg et al and Van Golen et al (51)(52). Consideration of a reversal of malabsorptive BS procedures can be considered in patients presenting with edema or ascites due to hypoalbuminemia in order to improve malnutrition and stabilization of liver disease.…”

Section: The Bidirectional Relationship Between Obesity and Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 85%

Liver health and the interplay between obesity, alcohol and bariatric surgery

Geerts

Onghena

Lefere

2023

AGEB

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The prevalence of obesity and metabolic consequences, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a global health problem. Obesity has an important impact on chronic liver disease even beyond NAFLD, as it accelerates the progression of alcohol liver disease. Conversely, even moderate alcohol use can affect NAFLD disease severity. Weight loss is the gold standard treatment but adherence to lifestyle changes is very low in the clinical setting. Bariatric surgery can improve metabolic components and cause long-term weight loss. Therefore, bariatric surgery could serve as an attractive treatment option for NAFLD patients. A pitfall is the use of alcohol after bariatric surgery. This short review integrates data about the influence of obesity and alcohol on liver function and the role of bariatric surgery.

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Section: The Bidirectional Relationship Between Obesity and Alcoholmentioning

confidence: 85%

Liver health and the interplay between obesity, alcohol and bariatric surgery

Geerts

Onghena

Lefere

2023

AGEB

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“…Factors that may contribute to the process of acute liver failure in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and metabolic dysfunction associated with steatohepatitis after bariatric surgery include rapid weight loss [40] , nutritional deficiencies [41][42][43][44] , and metabolic changes [41] . In terms of rapid weight loss, there has been no observed consistent relationship between the speed or amount of fat loss and the development of acute liver injury after bariatric surgery [41] .…”

Section: Liver Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of rapid weight loss, there has been no observed consistent relationship between the speed or amount of fat loss and the development of acute liver injury after bariatric surgery [41] . However, one study showed that a weight loss greater than 1.6 kilograms per week was associated with an increase in inflammation and fibrosis of the liver portal system [40] . In addition to this study, one case study suggests that two patients who underwent bariatric surgery and reported a symptom-free postoperative period had no significant weight loss during that period.…”

Section: Liver Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term complications of significant weight loss: lessons learned from bariatric surgery

Harrington,

Kang,

Telesca

et al. 2023

Metab Target Organ Damage

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The increasing prevalence of worldwide obesity calls for a comprehensive understanding of available treatment options. Bariatric surgery remains a very effective obesity treatment, showing substantial effects on obesity-related complications, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, mainly related to significant long-term weight loss. Besides the benefits, weight loss can lead to some deleterious consequences, such as gallstones, constipation, muscle mass loss, bone fractures, vitamin deficiencies, peripheral neural palsy, suicide, eating disorders, alcohol dependency syndrome, and increased divorce. Those consequences may also be seen after long-term effective pharmacotherapy for obesity. Understanding these risks will lead to improved awareness and successful treatment with both surgical and nonsurgical treatments.

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“…Bariatric surgery is the most effective therapeutic option for weight loss, but there exists access inequality among obese patients [86]. Despite the popularity of bariatric surgery in the treatment of morbid obesity and its related comorbidities, including NAFLD, post-op complications such as acute liver failure necessitating liver transplantation due to associated protein malnutrition and bacterial overgrowth are limiting its use [87,88].…”

Section: Overlapping Management Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Emerging Modern-Day Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

Hassen¹,

Singh²,

Belete³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also named metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is a progressive disease spectrum encompassing simple steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. It is a clinically silent disease leading to multiple extra-hepatic complications/comorbidities. It is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), increasing susceptibility to hypertension, atherosclerosis, arrhythmia, myocardial dysfunction, cardiac valve deformation, and venous thrombosis through putative mechanisms including systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and altered lipid metabolism. Eventually, it increases the CVD prevalence, incident, and fatality, contributing to a huge health care burden. In fact, CVD is becoming the leading cause of mortality among patients with NAFLD. Other cardiometabolic risk factors coexisting with NAFLD may also accelerate the synergistic development of CVD, which warrants assessment targeting hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, and dyslipidemia to be an integral part of NAFLD care. Monitoring metabolic biomarkers (glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c], insulin, lipids, and lipoproteins), cardiovascular (CV) risk scores (American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association [ACC/AHA] or Framingham), and subclinical atherosclerosis (coronary artery calcification [CAC], carotid intima-media thickness [CIMT], and carotid plaque) are recommended for risk prediction and reduction. There is no universally accepted treatment for NAFLD, and lifestyle changes with weight loss of at least 10% are the mainstay of management. Combination therapy of ezetimibe and statins have a cardioprotective effect and help reduce liver fat.Despite being an emerging risk factor for CVD and its rapidly increasing pattern affecting a quarter of the global population, NAFLD remains overlooked and undetected, unlike the other traditional risk factors. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive narrative review to shed more light on the importance of screening CVD in NAFLD patients. PubMed indexed relevant articles published from 2002 to 2022 (20 years) were searched in April 2022 using medical subject headings (MeSH) as "nonalcoholic fatty liver disease" [Mesh] AND "cardiovascular diseases" [Mesh]. Evidence from 40 observational studies, three clinical trials, one case series, 45 narrative reviews, four systematic reviews and meta-analyses, three systematic reviews, and one meta-analysis were summarized on the epidemiologic data, pathophysiologic mechanisms, clinical features, diagnostic modalities, overlapping management, perceived challenges and health literacy regarding the CVD risk attributed to NAFLD.

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Acute Liver Injury and Acute Liver Failure following Bariatric Surgery

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Liver health and the interplay between obesity, alcohol and bariatric surgery

Liver health and the interplay between obesity, alcohol and bariatric surgery

Long-term complications of significant weight loss: lessons learned from bariatric surgery

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Emerging Modern-Day Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

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