Acute Lateral Ankle Sprains in Track and Field Athletes: An Expanded Classification

Malliaropoulos, Nikos; Papacostas, Emmanuel; Papalada, Agapi; Maffulli, Nicola

doi:10.1016/j.fcl.2006.05.004

Cited by 61 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, if left undiagnosed or patients do not complete their rehabilitation program, chronic instability can result in 30-40% of patients. As the ATFL has been shown to be the structure of the LCL complex most commonly injured, this study investigated the anatomy of the ATFL along with tension changes that potentially result in proprioceptive changes (van den Bekerom et al 2008;Ferran et al 2009;Malliaropoulos et al 2006). Our study confirmed that a two-slip structure exists for the ATFL, which has been demonstrated in previous anatomical papers (Taser et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical review of the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle: a cadaveric study

Raheem

O’Brien

2011

Anat Sci Int

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Arrangements of the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle are complex. Injuries to these ligaments can occur in the inverted planter flexed position of the ankle. Traditionally, the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is the first ligament involved in such ankle injuries. We reviewed the anatomical arrangements of the lateral ankle. Twenty ankles from ten Caucasian cadavers were carefully dissected. Length and width of each ligament were measured in neutral, dorsiflexion and plantar flexion. The angle between the ATFL and other ligaments was also recorded. ATFL was present in 95% of ankles dissected. Five ankles showed two slip configuration of the ATFL. One ATFL was noted as being significantly thicker and another one was significantly narrow. Mean length of the ATFL in neutral was 15.5 mm (range 10-21 mm), which increased in plantar flexion to 18 mm (range 11-25 mm) and decreased slightly in dorsiflexion to 14.5 mm (range 10-19 mm). The calcaneofibular ligament was present in all dissections and had a mean measurement of 18.5 mm in neutral (range 14-23 mm) decreasing to 17 mm in planter flexion and 15.5 mm in dorsiflexion. Treating ligamentous ankle injuries can be very costly, thus creating a large economic burden to both patients and health institutions. Understanding the anatomical characteristics of the lateral collateral ligament complex of the ankle provides the basic foundation for understanding injuries and helps to clinically manage such injuries appropriately.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical review of the lateral collateral ligaments of the ankle: a cadaveric study

Raheem

O’Brien

2011

Anat Sci Int

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“…163 Those with grades I, II, IIIA, and IIIB were significantly different with respect to total ankle range-of-motion loss and volume of edema. A significant difference was noted between stress radiographs with IIIA and IIIB.…”

Section: Diagnosis/classification Acute Lateral Ankle Sprainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…112,205,256 Diagnostic testing, including stress radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging, arthrography, computed tomography, ultrasonography, and bone scan, has also been used to define the severity of injury. 85 While intervention strategies and recovery time are often linked to severity of injury, 49,163 clear data on recovery rates in high-quality studies are lacking. 259 A method to grade acute lateral ankle sprains has been defined as follows 163 :…”

Section: Diagnosis/classification Acute Lateral Ankle Sprainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…85 While intervention strategies and recovery time are often linked to severity of injury, 49,163 clear data on recovery rates in high-quality studies are lacking. 259 A method to grade acute lateral ankle sprains has been defined as follows 163 :…”

Section: Diagnosis/classification Acute Lateral Ankle Sprainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those with grades I, II, IIIA, and IIIB required a mean  SD of 7.2  1.6, 15.0  2.1, 30.7  3.1, and 55.4  4.9 days, respectively, to fully recover. 163 A function score was developed to describe the severity of an acute ankle sprain and predict the outcome of subjects. 49 This score developed from the Lysholm knee scale 239 consists of 5 items: pain, instability, ability to bear weight, swelling, and gait pattern, each with multiple responses.…”

Section: Diagnosis/classification Acute Lateral Ankle Sprainmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ankle Stability and Movement Coordination Impairments: Ankle Ligament Sprains

Martin

Davenport²,

Paulseth

et al. 2013

Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy

181

144

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The Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) has an ongoing effort to create evidence-based practice guidelines for orthopaedic physical therapy management of patients with musculoskeletal impairments described in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The purpose of these clinical practice guidelines is to describe the peer-reviewed literature and make recommendations related to ankle ligament sprain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013;43(9):A1–A40. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.0305

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