Acute Kidney Injury at ICU: Review Article

Abstract

Background: Acute kidney injury is a frequent consequence among intensive care unit cases with severe illness (ICU). It is currently considered that the incidence of acute kidney injury is substantially higher than previously anticipated, with over fifty percent of ICU cases having acute kidney injury at some stage during critical illness. More than fifty percent of ICU cases with acute kidney injury and multiorgan failure are reported to die. Those requiring renal replacement treatment (RRT) have a mortality rate of up to 80 percent. Acute kidney injury is defined by an abrupt, hours-to-days-long decline in kidney function, leading in the buildup of waste products. Objective: This review article aimed to assess and examine Cases in ICU with acute kidney injury. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct for information on acute kidney injury, ICU, Kidney, Liver function and RRT. However, only the most current or comprehensive study from May 2011 to November 2022 was considered. The authors also assessed references from pertinent literature. Documents in languages other than English have been disregarded since there are not enough resources for translation. Unpublished manuscripts, oral presentations, conference abstracts, and dissertations were examples of papers that were not considered to be serious scientific research. Conclusion: Acute kidney injury is responsible for poor outcome in hospitalised cases. In critical cases, the underlying cause of acute kidney injury is renal hypoperfusion during shock episodes. Therefore, prevention is the most effective therapy.