Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Alcohol and Cocaine Abuse: A Case Report

Botros, Mousa; Salloum, Ihsan M.

doi:10.1097/adt.0000000000000079

Cited by 2 publications

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References 22 publications

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“…Cocaine is associated with rhabdomyolysis [ 64 , 65 ], but when co-abused with alcohol, liver metabolism leads to the formation of an active metabolite cocaethylene which is highly toxic in comparison to cocaine alone. Recently, a study reported AKI in a patient who co-abused alcohol and cocaine; this report recommended that clinicians should be aware of rhabdomyolysis in patients with a history of co-abuse [ 66 ]. Connor et al reported that rhabdomyolysis was present in 33% of the cocaine users with the prevalence of severe rhabdomyolysis (CK > 10,000 IU/L) being 11% among cocaine users [ 67 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of nephrotoxicity of drugs of abuse, 2005–2016

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe United States is faced with an unprecedented epidemic of drug abuse. Every year thousands of Americans visit the emergency departments all over the country with illicit drug related complaints. These drugs have been known to be associated with a range of renal pathologies, from reversible acute kidney injuries to debilitating irreversible conditions like renal infarction. So far, no comprehensive study or systematic review has been published that includes the commonly used street drugs and designer drugs with potential nephrotoxic outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of published case reports, case series, and cross sectional studies of nephrotoxicities related to drugs of abuse. Literature review was conducted using PubMed/Medline from January 1, 2005 -December 31, 2016 to search for publications related to drug abuse with a defined renal outcome. Publications which reported renal injury in relation to the use of illicit drugs were selected, specifically those cases with raised creatinine levels, clinically symptomatic patients, for instance those with oliguria and proven renal biopsies.ResultsA total of 4798 publications were reviewed during the search process and PRISMA flow chart and Moose protocol regarding systematic reviews were followed. 110 articles were shortlisted for the review. A total of 169 cases from case reports and case series, and 14 case studies were analyzed. Renal manifestations of specific illicit drug abuse were included in this review.ConclusionBased on the evidence presented, a wide range of renal manifestations were found to be associated with drug abuse. If the trend of increasing use of illicit drug use continues, it will put a significant percentage of the population at an elevated risk for poor renal outcomes. This study is limited by the nature of the literature reviewed being primarily case reports and case series.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of nephrotoxicity of drugs of abuse, 2005–2016

et al. 2017

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Renal manifestations of recreational drugs: A narrative review of the literature

Kannan

2022

Medicine

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Drug abuse has become a major problem of the modern world where drug-induced kidney injury can be caused by both prescribed drugs for clinical conditions and illegal (illicit) drugs or drugs of abuse. Heroin, cocaine, nicotine and alcohol are the most commonly abused drugs but with the emergence of various synthetic drugs, numerous novel descriptions of their nephrotoxic effects have been described. This review summarizes the key renal manifestations of recreational drugs as reported in case reports and case. A comprehensive review of published case reports and case series in English language of renal toxicity related to recreational drugs/drugs of abuse was conducted using search engines like PubMed/Medline. Publications which reported renal injury with raised creatinine levels, clinically symptomatic patients, those with oliguria and with renal biopsies are chosen. The medical literature on recreational drugs is full of claims of renal complications including different glomerular diseases, acute kidney injury, rhabdomyolysis, interstitial nephritis, and debilitating irreversible conditions like renal infarction and end stage renal disease, even though the pathogenesis of drug- related renal manifestations are not available for all the newer agents. The outcome of this review paper will help multidisciplinary physicians to understand the renal side effects of recreational drugs, their pathophysiology, and most importantly, the clinical presentations of renal dysfunction in relation each drug. Emphasizing these adverse effects will prevent future unfavorable outcomes.

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Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Alcohol and Cocaine Abuse: A Case Report

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Systematic review of nephrotoxicity of drugs of abuse, 2005–2016

Systematic review of nephrotoxicity of drugs of abuse, 2005–2016

Renal manifestations of recreational drugs: A narrative review of the literature

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