Acute Intestinal Obstruction: An Electromyographic Study in Dogs

Summers, Robert W.; Yanda, R.; Prihoda, M.; Flatt, A.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(83)80010-9

Cited by 46 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, in the event of a gut segment generating resistance to gas flow, gas would be trapped, and the contraction of the gut wall against the blocked gas volume would increase wall tension and thereby induce perception (8). Furthermore, focal gas pooling and distension may also trigger reflex phasic contractile activity responsible for the production of symptoms (5,12,22,23). Indeed, the distribution of gas pooled in the gut during obstructed evacuation was conceivably more localized than during impaired propulsion by glucagon administration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of intestinal gas retention in humans: impaired propulsion versus obstructed evacuation

Serra

Azpiroz

Malagelada

2001

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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To explore the clinical role of intestinal gas dynamics, we investigated two potential mechanisms of gas retention, defective propulsion and obstructed evacuation. In healthy subjects, a gas mixture was continuously infused into the jejunum (4 ml/min) 1) during a 2-h control period of spontaneous gas evacuation and 2) during a 2-h test period either with impaired gut propulsion caused by intravenous glucagon (n = 6) or with obstructed (self-restrained) anal evacuation (n = 10) while anal gas evacuation, symptom perception (0-6 scale), and abdominal girth were measured. Impaired gut propulsion and obstructed evacuation produced similar gas retention (558 +/- 68 ml and 407 +/- 85 ml, respectively, vs. 96 +/- 58 ml control; P < 0.05 for both) and abdominal distension (8 +/- 3 mm and 6 +/- 3 mm, respectively, vs. 1 +/- 1 mm control; P < 0.05 for both). However, obstructed evacuation increased symptom perception (2.3 +/- 0.6 score change; P < 0.05), whereas gas retention in the glucagon-induced hypotonic gut was virtually unperceived (-0.4 +/- 0.7 score change; not significant). In conclusion, the perception of intestinal gas accumulation depends on the mechanism of retention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of intestinal gas retention in humans: impaired propulsion versus obstructed evacuation

Serra

Azpiroz

Malagelada

2001

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…The observed delay until spiking activity increased in the spiral colon may reflect transit time of ingesta from the small intestines to the colon. The increasing myoelectric activity observed in the spiral colon may be due to distention of the intestinal wall through ingesta, a mechanism described in dogs (Summers et al, 1983). For both phases I and II of the second bcMMC after erythromycin administration, the same parameter of myoelectric activity (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of Erythromycin on Myoelectric Activity of the Spiral Colon of Dairy Cows

Zanolari

Steiner

Meylan

2004

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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The effects of erythromycin on myoelectric activity of the spiral colon of dairy cows were investigated in a prospective study. Four Simmental x Red-Holstein crossbred cows of similar body weight and condition with seven pairs of bipolar electrodes implanted in the intestine (one each in the distal ileum, caecum and proximal colon, and four in the spiral colon) were included. Erythromycin lactobionate (1 mg kg(-1)) and 0.9% sodium chloride solution (NaCl) were administered to each cow in a random order. Erythromycin was diluted with NaCl and both treatments were administered slowly intravenously over a period of 5 min 1 h after onset of a phase III of the bovine colonic migrating myoelectric complex (bcMMC). A 3-6-day washout period was scheduled between trials. Significant differences between the results of the treatments were observed for spike duration in phase I as well as for spike duration and duration of spiking activity during phase II of the second bcMMC, which were significantly higher after erythromycin treatment than after NaCl. These findings suggest an indirect effect of erythromycin on colonic motility in cattle.

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“…Myoelectric activity of the PLAC was generally lower during small intestinal obstruction than in healthy controls (Table 3), in accordance with results of studies in dogs describing reduced motility aborad to an obstruction site. 8,9 Direct comparison of the (numerical) data from this study with other reports is rendered difficult because most investigators do not describe myo-electric activity for the different phases of the MMC, but rather report overall activity rates. 1,[6][7][8] Only slight variations were found for values of indices of phase III of the bcMMC in comparison with the control groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Most reports address disturbances of the small intestine. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Although myoelectric activity has been measured in both orad and aborad segments of the intestine relative to the site of obstruction in several experimental studies 3,4,6-9,11 and 1 spontaneous case in a pony, 5 no reports are available on motility patterns aborad to intestinal obstruction in cattle. Two studies in cattle described myoelectric patterns orad to a mechanical ileus of the duodenum 2 and of the proximal colon, 1 respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Myoelectric Activity in the Intestine of Cows with Strangulating Obstruction of the Distal Small Intestine

2003

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Myoelectric activity in 2 cows instrumented with permanent electrodes in the ileum, cecum, proximal loop of the ascending colon (PLAC), and spiral colon was analyzed after an obstruction developed in the distal small intestine. Results were compared with patterns from a group of 7 normal cows. Myoelectric activity in the ileum immediately orad to the occlusion was characterized by abolition of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) and a constant pattern of strong spike bursts of long duration. Cyclic activity was present in all parts of the large intestine, and propagation of phase III activity was evident from proximal to distal. A slight degree of disorganization in phase III propagation was restricted to the spiral colon. Activity cycles tended to be shorter in the cecum and PLAC of both cows with colic than in normal cows, and the intensity of spiking activity was generally lower. Changes in duration of the MMC in the spiral colon (bovine colonic MMC, bcMMC) were inconsistent, but the intensity of spiking activity tended to be lower in phases I and II of both cows compared to controls. The organization of phase III in several spindles typical of the bovine spiral colon was not disrupted, but phase IV of the bcMMC occurred only infrequently. Organized cyclic activity occurred in the large intestine of both cows despite complete disruption of the small intestinal MMC, indicating the presence of mechanisms able to initiate and regulate coordinated myoelectric patterns in the large intestine independent of the small intestine.

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Acute Intestinal Obstruction: An Electromyographic Study in Dogs

Cited by 46 publications

References 5 publications

Mechanisms of intestinal gas retention in humans: impaired propulsion versus obstructed evacuation

Mechanisms of intestinal gas retention in humans: impaired propulsion versus obstructed evacuation

Effects of Erythromycin on Myoelectric Activity of the Spiral Colon of Dairy Cows

Myoelectric Activity in the Intestine of Cows with Strangulating Obstruction of the Distal Small Intestine

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