Acute infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus of low or high virulence leads to depletion and redistribution of WC1+ γδ T cells in lymphoid tissues of beef calves

Palomares, Roberto A.; Sakamoto, Kaori; Walz, Heather; Brock, Kenny V.; Hurley, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.07.016

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In cattle, gamma delta T-cells expressing the WC1 phenotype accounts for up to 60 % of the total circulating lymphocytes and have been described to have regulatory functions with spontaneous IL-10 secretion, (Hoek et al, 2009;Guzman et al, 2014). Therefore, increasing activation and trafficking of gamma delta T lymphocytes may be one of the mechanisms used by BVDV to down-regulate the immune system causing immune suppression, as it has been previously reported (Palomares et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Immune response and onset of protection from Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 infection induced by modified-live virus vaccination concurrent with injectable trace minerals administration in newly received beef calves

Bittar

Palomares

Hurley

et al. 2020

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre -including this research content -immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Immune response and onset of protection from Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 infection induced by modified-live virus vaccination concurrent with injectable trace minerals administration in newly received beef calves

Bittar

Palomares

Hurley

et al. 2020

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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“…The immunosuppression is a transient (2-3 weeks) or long-term nature in persistently infected animals. It is believed that the virus is not a direct respiratory pathogen, but its ability to cause immunosuppression significantly increases the risk of respiratory disease in calves, related in particular to the multiplication of viruses of other nosological groups and bacteria of Pasteurellaceae family [ 15 – 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulent Properties of Russian Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains in Experimentally Infected Calves

Глотов¹,

Glotova²,

Koteneva³

et al. 2016

Scientifica

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The results of experimental study of three noncytopathic and two cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains isolated from cattle in the Siberian region and belonging to the type 1 (subtypes 1a, 1b, and 1d) have been presented. All investigated strains caused the development of infectious process in the seronegative 4–6-month-old calves after aerosol challenge with the dose of 6 log10 TCID50. The greatest virulence had noncytopathic strain and cytopathic strain related to the subtypes 1d and 1b, respectively. All strains in infected calves caused some signs of moderate acute respiratory disease and diarrhea: depression 3–5 days postinfection (p.i.), refusal to food, severe hyperthermia to 41.9°С, serous exudate discharges from the nasal cavity and eyes, transient diarrhea with blood, leukopenia (up to 2700 cells/mm3), and macroscopic changes in the respiratory organs and intestine. The infected animals recovered from 12 to 15 days p.i. and in 90% cases formed humoral immune response 25 days p.i. (antibody titers to BVDV: 1 : 4–1 : 16). Our results confirmed the presence of virulent BVDV1 strains and showed the need for researches on the molecular epidemiology of the disease, development of more effective diagnostic systems, and optimization of control programs with use of vaccines.

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“…Infection of bovine macrophages with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis can be modified by the presence of WC1 + γδ T cells (3). On the other hand, other infectious agents, such as low virulence or high virulence bovine viral diarrhoea virus, can induce depletion or redistribution of WC1 + γδ T cells upon infection, as reported by Palomares et al (13). Knowledge about the nature of ligands recognized by γδ T cells is just as unclear ( 8), but it is likely to contribute to the rational design of vaccines against many infectious agents of Bovine gamma/delta T cells are stimulated by bovine coronavirus antigens identified by a soluble T cells receptor* )…”

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confidence: 75%

Bovine gamma/delta T cells are stimulated by bovine coronavirus antigens identified by a soluble T cells receptor

Toka¹

2017

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Gamma/delta (γδ) T cells in cattle account for an abundant T cell population. However, little is known regarding the function of γδ T cells as immune cells compared to αβ T cells. Not many pathogen-related antigens have been defined and known to stimulate γδ T cells. To address this information gap, we constructed a soluble receptor for bovine γδ T cells (sγδTCR) that was later used to identify two proteins (156 kDa and 102 kDa) or protein fragments expressed by bovine coronavirus (BCov). The molecular weight of the larger protein suggests it could be the spike glycoprotein of BCov. Subsequently, we used the identified viral proteins to study the reactivity of bovine γδ T cells. In vitro assays showed that purified preparations of the two proteins stimulated WC1+ γδ T cells isolated from cattle. A 4-fold increase in IFN production and a significantly higher expression of MHC class II was observed. However, these viral ligands could not stimulate γδ T cells to synthesize IL-8 or GM-CSF, known to be produced by γδ T cells when stimulated with bacterial antigens. Although the γδ T cells assessed here appeared activated by way of IFN and MHC II expression, surface markers such as CD2, CD25, CD44, CD62L and CD335 were not expressed at significant levels. Further, the activation elicited by viral ligands was not sufficient to induce cytotoxic capability in γδ T cells in vitro as measured by a flow cytometry-based cytotoxicity assay. This in vitro study shows that WC1+ γδ T cells can directly recognize viral antigen

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Acute infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus of low or high virulence leads to depletion and redistribution of WC1+ γδ T cells in lymphoid tissues of beef calves

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Immune response and onset of protection from Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 infection induced by modified-live virus vaccination concurrent with injectable trace minerals administration in newly received beef calves

Immune response and onset of protection from Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 infection induced by modified-live virus vaccination concurrent with injectable trace minerals administration in newly received beef calves

Virulent Properties of Russian Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains in Experimentally Infected Calves

Bovine gamma/delta T cells are stimulated by bovine coronavirus antigens identified by a soluble T cells receptor

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