Acute idiopathic bilateral lower lid ectropion

Gupta, Bhaskar; Parmar, Bina; Raina, Jyoti; Chawla, JS

doi:10.4103/0301-4738.27086

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Lower eyelid tarsal ectropion is an unusual form of eyelid malposition, in which the entire lid is everted. The cause is desinsertion of the lower eyelid retractors, the capsulopalpebral fascia, from the inferior tarsal border [2,6,7]. However, in patients with tarsal ectropion the tractional forces from the anterior lamella will evert the entire tarsus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lower Lid Tarsal Ectropion Correction by three Tarsoconjunctival Spindles

Osorio¹

2017

AOVS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manual reinversion is always unsuccessful. Patients with ectropion have largerthan-average tarsal plates for their ages [6]. The most common surgical technique for significant involutional ectropion repair is horizontal tightening with a lateral tarsal strip procedure [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Lid Tarsal Ectropion Correction by three Tarsoconjunctival Spindles

Osorio¹

2017

AOVS

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Experimental Animal Models for Retinal and Choroidal Diseases

Turgut

Karanfil

2017

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Experimental animal models have critical importance for the recognition and the management of various retinal and choroidal diseases. To date, they were described for the induction of melanoma and neovascularization of choroid, degenerations, and detachment in the retina, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy, pre-retinal neovascularization, central serous chorioretinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) or O 2 induced retinopathy (OIR) and retinoblastoma. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of experimental animal models for retinal and choroidal diseases. To know the most favorite models and animals for these diseases will provide many utilities to the researchers in their experimental studies and thesis. Keywords: Experimental Animal Models for Retinal and Choroidal Diseases 2/10Copyright: ©2017 Turgut et al.primate laser-induced CNV models in rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys have been choiced for preclinical evaluation of n-AMD treatment options [19,21,22,26]. Except for the LFC induced CNV, the sub-retinal NV has been formed in transgenic mice through the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the retina [23]. Retinal Detachment (RD)The animal RD models are important in the evaluation of the pathogenesis of the disease and new treatment methods in . Many studies have used the mouse as a model to study retinal detachment/reattachment. Mouse eye is a good model for the experimental eye diseases because its manupilation is easy [41][42][43][44]. In animal RD models, manual peeling off the neuroretina from the retina pigment epithelium (RPE) and the subretinal injection of saline, balanced salt solution, phosphatebuffered saline (PBS), hyaluronate or RPE cells have been used to establish an experimental RD in rodent eyes and provide the pathologic features of human . The subretinal injection of sodium hyaluronate has some advantages such as no known ocular toxicity and the long-duration of RD compared to others. The subretinal injection of sodium hyaluronate may performed with a trans-vitreal or a trans-scleral way with the observation of the fundus [28,29,[32][33][34]40]. In the trans-vitreal method, a sub-retinal injector is introduced into the vitreous cavity, a peripheral retinotomy is created, and the sodium hyaluronate is injected into the subretinal space. In this method, two retinal tears are created to increase the risk of retinal hemorrhage. Subretinal hemorrhage or hemorrhage entered underneath the retina is toxic for photoreceptor cells through retinal hypoxia and metabolic impairment due toits diffusion barrier effect, and toxicity due to iron in blood in the detached retina. This induces retinal degeneration and RD [28,29,[32][33][34]40].In trans-scleral method, a 30 G needle with a syringe containing sodium hyaluronate is inserted into the subretinal space through the conjunctiva, sclera, choroid, and RPE following reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) with an anterior chamber parasenthesis. The sodium hyaluronate is ...

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