Acute human self-poisoning with bispyribac-containing herbicide Nominee®: a prospective observational study

Abstract

INTRODUCTION-Self poisoning with herbicides is an important reason for hospital admission and death in Asia. Whilst some herbicides have a well described toxicity profile in humans, many of the newer compounds rely on extrapolation from animal results as no published literature on clinical outcomes of human self poisoning has been described. One example of these compounds is bispyribac, a selective herbicide used in rice and wheat cultivation that is marketed in two containers, one containing bispyribac 400g/L with a solvent and the other the surfactant, polyethylene glycol. We present the first case series of acute human self-poisoning with a herbicide product containing bispyribac.

A clinico-epidemiological Study of acute Self-poisoning by different Types of herbicidal Substances used in agricultural Fields: A Study from Patients admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital in West Bengal

“…vomiting, epigastric pain, hypotension, altered sensorium, convulsion, and cardiac arrest. 10 In our study also no case fatality was seen with pretilachlor, a preemerget selective herbicide; though half of them had mild/moderate symptoms.…”

“…A study from Sri Lanka with newer agent bispyribac revealed a case fatality ratio of 1.81%. 10 It can cause nausea, third or fourth decades of their life with mean age 31.7 ± 12.6 years. Although case fatalities were mainly limited to paraquat, all types of herbicides were associated with morbidities and different signs and symptoms.…”

“…Different small studies or case reports revealed that signs and symptoms of herbicide poisoning vary with chemicals and from one individual to another. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Clinical features range from mild symptoms like skin and mucosal irritation, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, throat pain, stomach pain, diarrhea to severe life-threatening symptoms like hypotension, liver and kidney damage, coma or convulsions and death. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Similar signs and symptoms were found in our study.…”

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Clinical features range from mild symptoms like skin and mucosal irritation, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, throat pain, stomach pain, diarrhea to severe life-threatening symptoms like hypotension, liver and kidney damage, coma or convulsions and death. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Similar signs and symptoms were found in our study. Clinical features in our study ranged from mild/moderate to severe symptoms like nausea, vomiting, throat and abdominal pain to dyspnea and oliguria, though five (10%) patients were asymptomatic.…”

Investigation of the effects of some pesticides on carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes

“…The phosphorus atom influences the hydrolysis and oxidation reactions during the degradation of pesticides. Chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos‐methyl, and azinphos‐ethyl belong to this group and are used as insecticides 8–10 . Organochlorines are carcinogenic and neurotoxic, have high persistence in the environment, and contain chlorine atoms.…”