Acute, fatal Sarcocystis calchasi -associated hepatitis in Roller pigeons ( Columba livia f. dom .) at Philadelphia Zoo

Trupkiewicz, John G.; Calero‐Bernal, Rafael; Verma, Shiv Kumar; Mowery, Joseph; Davison, Sherrill; Habecker, Perry L.; georoff, tim; Ialeggio, Donna M.; Dubey, J. P.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.11.008

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The pellet was fixed for 2 hours at room temperature in 2.5% glutaraldehyde-0.05M sodium cacodylate-0.005M CaCl 2 (pH 7.0), and processed for TEM as previously described [18]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complete Genome Sequence of a Second Distinct Betabaculovirus from the True Armyworm, Mythimna unipuncta

et al. 2017

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The betabaculovirus originally called Pseudaletia (Mythimna) sp. granulovirus #8 (MyspGV#8) was examined by electron microscopy, host barcoding PCR, and determination of the nucleotide sequence of its genome. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the occlusion bodies of MyspGV#8 possessed the characteristic size range and morphology of betabaculovirus granules. Barcoding PCR using cytochrome oxidase I primers with DNA from the MyspGV#8 collection sample confirmed that it had been isolated from the true armyworm, Mythimna unipuncta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and therefore was renamed MyunGV#8. The MyunGV#8 genome was found to be 144,673 bp in size with a nucleotide distribution of 49.9% G+C, which was significantly smaller and more GC-rich than the genome of Pseudaletia unipuncta granulovirus H (PsunGV-H), another M. unipuncta betabaculovirus. A phylogeny based on concatenated baculovirus core gene amino acid sequence alignments placed MyunGV#8 in clade a of genus Betabaculovirus. Kimura-2-parameter nucleotide distances suggested that MyunGV#8 represents a virus species different and distinct from other species of Betabaculovirus. Among the 153 ORFs annotated in the MyunGV#8 genome, four ORFs appeared to have been obtained from or donated to the alphabaculovirus lineage represented by Leucania separata nucleopolyhedrovirus AH1 (LeseNPV-AH1) during co-infection of Mythimna sp. larvae. A set of 33 ORFs was identified that appears only in other clade a betabaculovirus isolates. This clade a-specific set includes an ORF that encodes a polypeptide sequence containing a CIDE_N domain, which is found in caspase-activated DNAse/DNA fragmentation factor (CAD/DFF) proteins. CAD/DFF proteins are involved in digesting DNA during apoptosis.

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“…The pellet was fixed for 2 hours at room temperature in 2.5% glutaraldehyde-0.05M sodium cacodylate-0.005M CaCl 2 (pH 7.0), and processed for TEM as previously described [18]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complete Genome Sequence of a Second Distinct Betabaculovirus from the True Armyworm, Mythimna unipuncta

et al. 2017

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“…Sarcocysts were mechanically removed from the tongue, of which three (cyst #2, #3, #4) were directly preserved in 20 μl saline solution for molecular analyses. Two sarcocysts (cyst #5 and half of cyst #1) were fixed in 2.5 % glutaraldehyde and processed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as described previously by Trupkiewicz et al (2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcocystis arctica (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae): ultrastructural description and its new host record, the Alaskan wolf (Canis lupus)

et al. 2016

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Sarcocystis sarcocysts are common in muscles of herbivores but are rare in muscles of carnivores. Here, we report sarcocysts in the muscles of a gray wolf (Canis lupus) from Alaska, USA, for the first time. Sarcocysts extracted from the tongue of the wolf were up to 900 μm long and slender and appeared to have a relatively thin wall by light microscope. By transmission electron microscopy, the sarcocyst wall most closely resembled "type 9c," and had a wavy parasitophorous vacuolar membrane folded as pleomorphic villar protrusions (vp), with anastomoses of tips. The vp and the ground substance (gs) layer were smooth without tubules or granules. The gs was up to 2.0 μm thick. The total width of the wall including vp and the gs was 3.5 μm. The vp were up to 1.5 μm long. Mature sarcocysts contained numerous bradyzoites and few metrocytes. The bradyzoites were 9.5 μm long and 1.5 μm wide, and contained all organelles found in Sarcocystis bradyzoites with at least two rhoptries. Molecular characterization showed the highest identity for 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-1, and cox1 sequences of Sarcocystis arctica of the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Norway. The ultrastructure of S. arctica from the fox is unknown. Here, we provide ultrastructure of S. arctica from the Alaskan wolf for the first time. The definitive host of S. arctica remains unknown.

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“…However, little is known about the species diversity of these parasites and the types of intermediate hosts used in their life cycles [3]. They have the potential to be the source of fatal neurological disease in other avian species [4][5][6][7][8][9], and raptors themselves can also suffer from fatal neurological disease caused by Sarcocystis species [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are interested in understanding the diversity of Sarcocystis species that use [7][8][9] but the definitive host has not yet been identified. Our hypothesis was that Copper's hawks would serve as definitive host for 1 of these 4 Sarcocystis species in North America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, molecular characterization, and in vitro schizogonic development of Sarcocystis sp. ex Accipiter cooperii from a naturally infected Cooper's hawk (Accipiter cooperii)

Lindsay

Verma

Scott

et al. 2017

Parasitology International

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Raptors serve as the definitive host for several Sarcocystis species. The complete life cycles of only a few of these Sarcocystis species that use birds of prey as definitive hosts have been described. In the present study, Sarcocystis species sporocysts were obtained from the intestine of a Cooper's hawk (Accipiter cooperii) and were used to infect cell cultures of African green monkey kidney cells to isolate a continuous culture and describe asexual stages of the parasite. Two clones of the parasite were obtained by limiting dilution. Asexual stages were used to obtain DNA for molecular classification and identification. PCR amplification and sequencing were done at three nuclear ribosomal DNA loci; 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and ITS-1, and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) locus. Examination of clonal isolates of the parasite indicated a single species related to S. columbae (termed Sarcocystis sp. ex Accipiter cooperii) was present in the Cooper's hawk. Our results document for the first time Sarcocystis sp. ex A. cooperii occurs naturally in an unknown intermediate host in North America and that Cooper's hawks (A. cooperii) are a natural definitive host.

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Acute, fatal Sarcocystis calchasi -associated hepatitis in Roller pigeons ( Columba livia f. dom .) at Philadelphia Zoo

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

The Complete Genome Sequence of a Second Distinct Betabaculovirus from the True Armyworm, Mythimna unipuncta

The Complete Genome Sequence of a Second Distinct Betabaculovirus from the True Armyworm, Mythimna unipuncta

Sarcocystis arctica (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae): ultrastructural description and its new host record, the Alaskan wolf (Canis lupus)

Isolation, molecular characterization, and in vitro schizogonic development of Sarcocystis sp. ex Accipiter cooperii from a naturally infected Cooper's hawk (Accipiter cooperii)

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