Acute exposure to microcystins affects hypothalamic-pituitary axes of male rats

Shi, Ting; Xu, Linlin; Chen, Liang; He, Jun; Wang, Yeke; Chen, Feng; Chen, Yang; Giesy, John P.; Wang, Yu-Ting; Wu, Qianhui; Xu, Wenli; Chen, Jun; Xie, Ping

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120843

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…In this study, cyanotoxins like cylindrospermopsin and microcystins derived from some cyanobacteria were seen to act as endocrine disruptors. Cyanotoxins pose a potential risk to animal and human health and their toxicity can affect multiple organs, including the endocrine system [ 60 ] or the male and female reproductive systems [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Food contamination accounted for 32% of the sources of the N-EDCs identified in this study. Mycotoxins contaminate food products such as grain [ 56 ], and cyanotoxins can be present in fresh water, which can be ingested by swallowing contaminated water or by inhalation, when the toxins are inhaled as aerosols [ 15 , 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flavonoids act directly on the 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) enzyme, while the mycotoxin aflatoxin B1 can also affect cytochrome P450 enzymes, thereby inhibiting Leydig cell activity and causing testosterone deficiency. The intake of flavonoids [ 18 , 22 , 28 , 29 , 35 , 39 ], zearalenone [ 56 ] and microcystin [ 60 ] has been correlated with a decrease in serum testosterone levels, although Messina et al and Lephardt et al reported from clinical trials that this correlation was not statistically significant [ 6 , 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although isoflavonoids have been the most extensively studied N-EDCs in relation to thyroid health, Shi T. et al showed that the microcystins produced by certain cyanobacteria can also cause endocrine system disorders [ 60 ]. In male rats, acute exposure to microcystin via intraperitoneal injection caused histopathological changes, damage to thyroid follicular epithelial cells and altered gene transcription and protein biosynthesis in adrenal, testicular, and thyroid tissues, thereby disrupting the normal balance of the hormonal regulatory axes (hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA), –gonadal (HPG), or –testis (HPT) [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicological Effects of Naturally Occurring Endocrine Disruptors on Various Human Health Targets: A Rapid Review

Virtuoso,

Raggi,

Maugliani

et al. 2024

Toxics

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Endocrine-disrupting compounds are chemicals that alter the normal functioning of the endocrine system of living organisms. They can be natural (N-EDCs) or synthetic compounds (S-EDCs). N-EDCs can belong to different groups, such as phytoestrogens (PEs), including flavonoids, or mycotoxins originating from plants or fungi, and cyanotoxins, derived from bacteria. Humans encounter these substances in their daily lives. The aim of this rapid review (RR) is to provide a fine mapping of N-EDCs and their toxicological effects on human health in terms of various medical conditions or adverse consequences. This work is based on an extensive literature search and follows a rigorous step-by-step approach (search strategy, analysis strategy and data extraction), to select eligible papers published between 2019 and 2023 in the PubMed database, and to define a set of aspects characterizing N-EDCs and the different human target systems. Of the N-EDCs identified in this RR, flavonoids are the most representative class. Male and female reproductive systems were the targets most affected by N-EDCs, followed by the endocrine, nervous, bone and cardiovascular systems. In addition, the perinatal, pubertal and pregnancy periods were found to be particularly susceptible to natural endocrine disruptors. Considering their current daily use, more toxicological research on N-EDCs is required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Toxicological Effects of Naturally Occurring Endocrine Disruptors on Various Human Health Targets: A Rapid Review

Virtuoso,

Raggi,

Maugliani

et al. 2024

Toxics

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show abstract

“…Although the molecular mechanism of MC-LR- induced apoptosis remains elusive, growing evidence supports that MCs and other cyanobacterial toxins, such as cylindrospermopsin, act as endocrine disruptors [ 286 , 287 ]. Recently, Shi and co-authors [ 288 ] demonstrated that acutely administrated MC-LR induces pathological changes in rat’s hypothalamus and pituitary gland and alters the transcription of genes involved in hormone biosynthesis.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Brain Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Freshwater Cyanobacterial Toxins, Cyanopeptides and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Nugumanova

Ponomarev

Askarova

et al. 2023

Toxins

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Cyanobacteria produce a wide range of structurally diverse cyanotoxins and bioactive cyanopeptides in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems. The health significance of these metabolites, which include genotoxic- and neurotoxic agents, is confirmed by continued associations between the occurrence of animal and human acute toxic events and, in the long term, by associations between cyanobacteria and neurodegenerative diseases. Major mechanisms related to the neurotoxicity of cyanobacteria compounds include (1) blocking of key proteins and channels; (2) inhibition of essential enzymes in mammalian cells such as protein phosphatases and phosphoprotein phosphatases as well as new molecular targets such as toll-like receptors 4 and 8. One of the widely discussed implicated mechanisms includes a misincorporation of cyanobacterial non-proteogenic amino acids. Recent research provides evidence that non-proteinogenic amino acid BMAA produced by cyanobacteria have multiple effects on translation process and bypasses the proof-reading ability of the aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase. Aberrant proteins generated by non-canonical translation may be a factor in neuronal death and neurodegeneration. We hypothesize that the production of cyanopeptides and non-canonical amino acids is a more general mechanism, leading to mistranslation, affecting protein homeostasis, and targeting mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. It can be evolutionarily ancient and initially developed to control phytoplankton communities during algal blooms. Outcompeting gut symbiotic microorganisms may lead to dysbiosis, increased gut permeability, a shift in blood-brain-barrier functionality, and eventually, mitochondrial dysfunction in high-energy demanding neurons. A better understanding of the interaction between cyanopeptides metabolism and the nervous system will be crucial to target or to prevent neurodegenerative diseases.

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Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Hypothalamic‒Pituitary‒Adrenal Axis Dysfunction Induced by Surgical Trauma in Mice Through the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2023

Neurochem Res

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Acute exposure to microcystins affects hypothalamic-pituitary axes of male rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 109 publications

Toxicological Effects of Naturally Occurring Endocrine Disruptors on Various Human Health Targets: A Rapid Review

Toxicological Effects of Naturally Occurring Endocrine Disruptors on Various Human Health Targets: A Rapid Review

Freshwater Cyanobacterial Toxins, Cyanopeptides and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Hypothalamic‒Pituitary‒Adrenal Axis Dysfunction Induced by Surgical Trauma in Mice Through the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System

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