Acute exercise-induced glycocalyx shedding does not differ between exercise modalities, but is associated with total antioxidative capacity

Kröpfl, Julia M.; Beltrami, Fernando G.; Rehm, Markus; Gruber, Hans-Jürgen; Stelzer, Ingeborg; Spengler, Christina M.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2021.01.010

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A cycling exercise to exhaustion can induce oxidative stress [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 42 , 43 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 53 , 54 , 55 ] and a running exercise to exhaustion has a similar effect [ 39 , 41 , 48 , 52 ]. This has been evidenced by a recent study [ 56 ], in which oxidative stress was assessed using two different HIE modalities: running and cycling. The study concluded that both cycling and running induce oxidative stress, even though TAC recovers faster among runners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In contrast, several studies found that antioxidant enzyme activities did not increase but decreased after HIE. Others, Falone et al (2010) and Kröpfl et al (2021), also found that some endogenous antioxidants did not change after exercise [ 41 , 56 ]. This supported one of our observations that antioxidative status did not change after HIE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of High Intensity Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Untrained Humans: A Systematic Review

Wiltshire

Baker

et al. 2021

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Participation in exercise promotes health. High intensity exercise (HIE) has become increasingly popular among the general population, however, its effects on exercise-induced oxidative stress and antioxidant status in untrained humans is not clear. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the influence of HIE on oxidative stress and antioxidant status in untrained humans. Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus were searched until March 2021. A methodological quality assessment valuation/estimation was additionally carried out in the final sample of studies. Following the PRISMA selection process, 21 studies were finally included. There was strong evidence that acute oxidative stress following the cessation of HIE exists when compared to resting states. The HIE-induced oxidative stress is transient and is most likely restored to normal levels within 24 h due to the stimulated endogenous antioxidant system whose response was lagging and lasting. Physically active humans had better antioxidant systems and suffered less oxidative stress after HIE. A physically active lifestyle was considered to enhance antioxidant capacity. For untrained humans, HIE with intensities above 70% VO2max are proposed for initial exercise levels based on the findings reported here.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of High Intensity Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Untrained Humans: A Systematic Review

Wiltshire

Baker

et al. 2021

Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the above mentioned training study 54 , the exercise intensity was mostly moderate and the total training time was 2 h and 40 min per week-it cannot be compared with the training loads experienced by the ATH group from this investigation (on average ~ 13 h per week). The training response seems to be similar to exercise-induced acute changes in the markers of glycocalyx shedding, because it was shown that sessions with shorter duration of heavy or maximal intensity exercise does not negatively affect glycocalyx integrity 55 , but prolonged exposure to heavy-intensity exercise can lead to the shedding of glycocalyx components 10,56,57 . It was argued that an increase in markers of glycocalyx shedding-mainly SDC-1, HS and HA-occurred as a result of enhanced blood flow 56 , decrease in antioxidative capacity 57 and increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokines 10 .…”

Section: Endothelial Function and Athletic Training The Deterioration...mentioning

confidence: 94%

Training-induced impairment of endothelial function in track and field female athletes

Grandys

Majerczak

Frołow

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Professional athletes are often exposed to high training loads that may lead to overfatigue, overreaching and overtraining that might have a detrimental effects on vascular health. We determined the effects of high training stress on endothelial function assessed by the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and markers of glycocalyx shedding. Vascular examination as well as broad biochemical, hormonal and cardiometabolic evaluation of sprint and middle-distance female runners were performed after 2 months of preparatory training period and compared to age-matched control group of women. Female athletes presented with significantly reduced FMD (p < 0.01) and higher basal serum concentrations of hyaluronan (HA) and syndecan-1 (SDC-1) (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively), that was accompanied by significantly lower basal serum testosterone (T) and free testosterone (fT) concentrations (p < 0.05) and higher cortisol (C) concentration (p < 0.05). It resulted in significantly lower T/C and fT/C ratios in athletes when compared to controls (p < 0.01). Moreover, fT/C ratio were significantly positively correlated to FMD and negatively to HA concentrations in all studied women. Accordingly, the training load was significantly negatively correlated with T/C, fT/C and FMD and positively with the concentrations of HA and SDC-1. We concluded that young female track and field athletes subjected to physical training developed impairment of endothelial function that was associated with anabolic-catabolic hormone balance disturbances. Given that training-induced impairment of endothelial function may have a detrimental effects on vascular health, endothelial status should be regularly monitored in the time-course of training process to minimalize vascular health-risk in athletes.

show abstract

“…This is a post hoc analysis of a larger project described elsewhere (Beltrami et al, 2021;Kropfl et al, 2020Kropfl et al, , 2021. In brief, healthy, well-trained runners and cyclists were recruited to measure the acute cardiorespiratory responses to different sessions of HIIT.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Gal‐3 and sST2 are associated with acute exercise‐induced sustained endothelial activation: Possible relevance for fibrosis development?

Kröpfl,

Beltrami,

Gruber

et al. 2023

Experimental Physiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Long‐term, intense endurance exercise training can occasionally induce endothelial micro‐damage and cardiac fibrosis. The underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Twenty healthy, well‐trained male participants (10 runners and 10 cyclists) performed a strenuous high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) session matched by age, height, weight and maximal oxygen consumption. We assessed the acute exercise response of novel cardiac biomarkers of fibrosis [e.g., galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2)] per exercise modality and their relationship with haemodynamic contributors, such as preload, afterload and cardiac contractility index (CTi), in addition to endothelial damage by sustained activation and shedding of endothelial cells (ECs). Serum Gal‐3 and sST2 concentrations were investigated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays; haemodynamics were analysed via impedance plethysmography and circulating ECs by flow cytometry. The Gal‐3 and sST2 concentrations and ECs were elevated after exercise (P < 0.001), without interaction between exercise modalities. Circulating Gal‐3 and sST2 concentrations both showed a positive relationship with ECs (rrm = 0.68, P = 0.001 and rrm = 0.57, P = 0.010, respectively, both n = 18). The EC association with Gal‐3 was significant only in cyclists, but equally strong for both modalities. Gal‐3 was also related to exercise‐induced CTi (rrm = 0.57, P = 0.011, n = 18). Cardiac wall stress is increased after an acute HIIT session but does not differ between exercise modalities. Exercise‐released Gal‐3 from cardiac macrophages could very probably drive systemic endothelial damage, based on an enhanced CTi. The importance of acute exercise‐induced vascular resistances and cardiac contractility for the release of fibrotic biomarkers and any long‐term pathological endothelial adaptation should be investigated further, also relative to the exercise modality.New Findings What is the central question of this study? Circulating biomarkers of cardiac wall stress and fibrosis are influenced by physical exercise. The underlying mechanisms per exercise modality are still unclear. What is the main finding and its importance? We show that galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) are increased after acute exercise but do not differ between running and cycling. One haemodynamic contributor to the secretion of Gal‐3 is an enhanced cardiac contractility. Acute exercise‐released Gal‐3 and sST2 are linked to sustained endothelial activation and cell shedding. This could be relevant in the context of fibrosis development and could identify athletes at risk for pathological endothelial adaptations.

show abstract

Acute exercise-induced glycocalyx shedding does not differ between exercise modalities, but is associated with total antioxidative capacity

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of High Intensity Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Untrained Humans: A Systematic Review

Effects of High Intensity Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Untrained Humans: A Systematic Review

Training-induced impairment of endothelial function in track and field female athletes

Circulating Gal‐3 and sST2 are associated with acute exercise‐induced sustained endothelial activation: Possible relevance for fibrosis development?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About