Acute epididymitis in ultrasound: Results of a prospective study with baseline and follow-up investigations in 134 patients

Pilatz, Adrian; Wagenlehner, Florian M. E.; Bschleipfer, Thomas; Schuppe, H.‐C.; Diemer, Thorsten; Linn, Thomas; Weidner, W.; Altinkilic, B.

doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.08.050

Cited by 80 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Our results agree with those of Pilatz et al [12]. For Gonzalez et al [13], hydrocele, hematocele, pyocele, abscess and infarc-tion are more complications than accompanying or indirect signs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Infectious Pathology of the Scrotum in Abidjan: Ultrasound Features of 80 Cases

Kouamé¹,

Manewa²,

Kouame³

et al. 2017

OJRad

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological-clinical profile of patients with scrotal infectious pathology in Abidjan and describe the ultrasound features of this scrotal infectious pathology. Methods: This was a prospective study of 80 cases of scrotal infectious pathology objectified by ultrasound at Yopougon University Hospital from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015. Ultrasounds were performed using a high-frequency linear probe in B and Color Doppler modes by senior radiologists. The epidemiological-clinical data were recorded from the ultrasound request form and the interrogation of the patient. Results: The average age was 23 years with extreme ranging from 16 to 40 years. Soldiers were the most concerned (40%) followed by students (30%). The painful large bursa was the quasi constant presenting feature (95% of cases) and fever was associated in less than half of the cases (45% of cases). The scrotal involvement was most often unilateral (85% of cases) and the left side was involved in 70% of the cases. Epididymitis was the most frequent pathology (60%) followed by orchiepididymitis (30%) and orchitis (10%). The most commonly encountered accompanying ultrasound findings were envelope thickening (100%), intravaginal fluid effusion (60%), and Doppler Hypervascularization (30%). Conclusion: In Abidjan Scrotal infectious pathology is most often encountered among young soldiers or students most often with a ± febrile large bursa. The most common pathology is left unilateral epididymitis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Infectious Pathology of the Scrotum in Abidjan: Ultrasound Features of 80 Cases

Kouamé¹,

Manewa²,

Kouame³

et al. 2017

OJRad

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“…Despite the lack of epidemiological data on the chronification of epididymo-orchitis, testicular atrophy with permanent loss of spermatogenesis is a muchdreaded complication (7, e16). However, a recent ultrasonography study involving 80 patients with unilateral epididymitis/epididymo-orchitis showed that testicular volume returned to normal after an initial increase compared with the unaffected contralateral side, with no resulting testicular atrophy (17). These data support the Organ-specific exposure of germ cells/sperm to pathogens or components of pathogens as well as cells involved in inflammatory processes and their mediators PSA, prostate-specific antigen Seconds Seconds view that male reproductive tract obstructions play an important role as the cause of persistently reduced semen quality.…”

Section: Epididymitis Epididymo-orchitis and Orchitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinical examination of the genital organs should always be complemented by ultrasonography of the scrotal content (33). Using color-coded duplex ultrasonography, organ vascularization and perfusion can be visualized (17). Transrectal ultrasonography is indispensable in patients with suspected abscess formation due to prostatitis; yet, the relevance of the common finding of prostate calcifications remains unclear (e8).…”

Section: Clinical Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Urogenital Infection as a Risk Factor for Male Infertility

Schuppe

Pilatz

Hossain³

et al. 2017

Deutsches Ärzteblatt International

121

117

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Any suspicion of an infectious or inflammatory disease in the male genital tract should prompt a systematic diagnostic evaluation and appropriate treatment. For patients with obstructive azoospermia, the etiology and site of the obstruction determine the surgical approach to be taken. In the near future, the elucidation of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and the identification of suitable biomarkers may enable new strategies for conservative treatment.

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“…In addition to testicular damage, epididymal obstruction is frequently a consequence of induced seminal tract infection in animal models (Michel et al, ). In humans, there is evidence that azoospermia following acute epididymitis might also be of obstructive origin, since no decrease in testicular volume was detected (Pilatz et al, ). Thus, seminal tract obstruction might be a reason for azoospermia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of urogenital infection/inflammation in patients with azoospermia does not impede surgical sperm retrieval

et al. 2019

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Considering infection/inflammation to be an important risk factor in male infertility, the aim of this study was to make a comprehensive evaluation of the prevalence of urogenital tract infection/inflammation and its potential impact on sperm retrieval in azoospermic patients. In this prospective study, 71 patients with azoospermia were subjected to an extensive andrological workup including comprehensive microbiological diagnostics (2-glass test, semen, testicular swab and testicular tissue analysis) and testicular biopsy/testicular sperm extraction (TESE). Medical history suggested urogenital tract infection/inflammation in 7% of patients, 11% harboured STIs, 14% showed significant bacteriospermia, 15% had seminal inflammation, 17% fulfilled the MAGI definition, and 27% had relevant pathogens. At the testicular level, 1 patient had a swab positive for bacteria, no viruses were detected, tissue specimens never indicated pathogens, whereas histopathology revealed focal immune cell infiltrates in 23% of samples. Testicular sperm retrieval rate was 100% in obstructive and 46% in nonobstructive azoospermia. None of the infection/inflammation-related variables was associated with the success of sperm retrieval or inflammatory lesions in the testis. The high prevalence of urogenital infection/inflammation among azoospermic men underpins their role as significant aetiologic factors in male infertility.However, this observation does not refer to the chances of sperm retrieval at the time of surgery/TESE. K E Y W O R D Sazoospermia, genital tract inflammation, infertility, male accessory gland infection, TESE 2 of 10 | PILATZ eT AL.

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Acute epididymitis in ultrasound: Results of a prospective study with baseline and follow-up investigations in 134 patients

Cited by 80 publications

References 26 publications

Infectious Pathology of the Scrotum in Abidjan: Ultrasound Features of 80 Cases

Infectious Pathology of the Scrotum in Abidjan: Ultrasound Features of 80 Cases

Urogenital Infection as a Risk Factor for Male Infertility

High prevalence of urogenital infection/inflammation in patients with azoospermia does not impede surgical sperm retrieval

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