Acute eosinophilic pneumonia associated with smoking: a case report

Fayyaz, Beenish

doi:10.1080/20009666.2018.1466601

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Inflammation occurs through excessive activation of type-2 immune cells and release of type-2 cytokines such as interleukin-5 (IL-5). This results in eventual inflammatory cascade with excessive eosinophil recruitment to the lung parenchyma [ 2 , 3 ]. The treatment of AEP depends on the underlying cause when recognized, but glucocorticoids are the treatment of choice when AEP is caused by noninfectious causes [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia induced by vaping-associated lung injury: a case report

Alsaid¹,

Elfaki²,

Alkhouzaie³

et al. 2023

BMC Pulm Med

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Background Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is well-known as one of the primary eosinophilic pulmonary diseases of unknown etiology. It’s defined as a febrile illness along with acute onset respiratory failure that is commonly misdiagnosed at the initial presentation as infectious pneumonia. Despite the fact that AEP sometimes classified as idiopathic as no exact cause can be identified in most cases, it has been suggested recently to be linked with electronic cigarette or vaping products and associated with electronic cigarette or vaping associated lung injury (EVALI). Therefore, history of recent tobacco smoking or vaping exposure along with peripheral eosinophilia are crucial clinical findings suggestive of AEP. Case presentation A previously healthy 17-year-old female presented to the Emergency Room with one day history of progressively worsening shortness of breath accompanied by left sided pleuritic chest pain and fever. She wasn’t taking any medications, denied traditional cigarette smoking, exposure to pulmonary irritants, recent travel and had no history of close contact with sick patient. She recently started vaping 20 days prior to the presentation. Initially, she was admitted with a presumptive diagnosis of atypical pneumonia but was found to have AEP due to a recent vaping exposure. Conclusion Vaping is a well-known health hazard that has become a growing trend among adolescents and have been promoted as a safe and effective alternative to traditional cigarettes. The etiology of AEP remains unclear, but many studies suggest a possible link with recent tobacco smoking or vaping. A key challenge for this clinical entity is to reach the diagnosis after excluding all other pulmonary eosinophilia causes, and it has an excellent prognosis if diagnosed early and treated appropriately.

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