Acute effects of wearable thigh and shank loading on spatiotemporal and kinematic variables during maximum velocity sprinting

Hurst, Oliver; Kilduff, Liam P.; Johnston, Michael; Cronin, John; Bezodis, Neil E.

doi:10.1080/14763141.2020.1748099

Cited by 8 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The effect of shank WR on contact times during maximal velocity sprint running has been previously investigated. Researchers reported increases to contact time with ~0.60% BM shank WR by 0.88% (p > 0.05) 20 and 1.1% BM shank WR by 10.0% (p < 0.01) 21 . Although the athletes in the current study were close to maximal velocity speeds for the step at 30 m (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waveform analysis of shank loaded wearable resistance during sprint running acceleration

Feser

Neville

Bezodis

et al. 2021

Journal of Sports Sciences

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Lower-limb wearable resistance (WR) provides a specific and targeted overload to the musculature involved in sprint running, however, it is unknown if greater impact forces occur with the additional limb mass. This study compared the contact times and ground reaction force waveforms between sprint running with no load and 2% body mass (BM) shank-positioned WR over 30 m. Fifteen male university-level sprint specialists completed two maximum effort sprints with each condition in a randomised order. Sprint running with shank WR resulted in trivial changes to contact times at 5 m, 10 m, and 20 m (effect size [ES] = < 0.20, p > 0.05) and a small, significant increase to contact time at 30 m by 1.94% (ES = 0.25, p = 0.03). Significant differences in ground reaction force between unloaded and shank loaded sprint running were limited to the anterior-posterior direction and occurred between 20−30% of ground contact at 10 m, 20 m, and 30 m. Shank WR did not result in greater magnitudes of horizontal or vertical forces during the initial impact portion of ground contact. Practitioners can prescribe shank WR training with loads ≤ 2% BM without concern for increased risk of injurious impact forces.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waveform analysis of shank loaded wearable resistance during sprint running acceleration

Feser

Neville

Bezodis

et al. 2021

Journal of Sports Sciences

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“…As highly specific resistance training is important for the effective transfer of strength to sprinting performance [ 77 ], sprint training with added resistance is common practice. In this sense, ballast training could modify the athlete’s center of mass, which can be a great handicap to the rotation capacity of the hips due to an increase in their moment of inertia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sense, ballast training could modify the athlete’s center of mass, which can be a great handicap to the rotation capacity of the hips due to an increase in their moment of inertia. This modification in the kinematics of sprinting, could affect not only performance but also the potential risk of injury [ 77 ]. Consequently, in athletes with JCD it could potentially be an added overload when sprinting, which could explain the greater injury severity in these athletes as in those of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Hip Joint Clearance Discrepancy as Other Clinical Predictor of Reinjury and Injury Severity in Hamstring Tears in Elite Athletes

Calvo

Palavicini

Pérez

et al. 2021

JCM

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Hamstring tear injuries (HTI) are the most prevalent injuries in athletes, with high reinjury rates. To prevent reinjury and reduce the severity of injuries, it is essential to identify potential risk factors. Hip characteristics are fundamental to optimal hamstring function. We sought to investigate the role of hip joint clearance discrepancy (JCD) as a risk factor for HTI and a clinical predictor of risk of reinjury and injury severity. A cross-sectional, retrospective study was performed with elite athletes (n = 100) who did (n = 50) and did not (n = 50) have a history of injury. X-rays were taken to assess JCD. We reviewed muscular lesions historial, and health records for the previous 5 years. Significant differences were found in injury severity (p = 0.026; ŋ2p = 0.105) and a number of injuries (p = 0.003; ŋ2p = 0.172). The multivariate analysis data indicated that JCD was significantly associated with the number of injuries and their severity (p < 0.05). In the stepwise regression model, JCD variability explained 60.1% of the number of injuries (R2 0.601) and 10.5% of injury severity (R2 0.0105). These results suggest that JCD could play an important role as a risk factor for HTI and also as a clinical predictor of reinjury and injury severity.

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“…Practitioners and athletes are more likely to experience a practical advantage if a PAPE can be induced in the absence of a requirement for specialized or large equipment or facilities. For example, there is increasing interest in wearable lower-limb resistance (13,14,23) and weighted vests (4,38) to provide overload while maintaining biomechanical similarity to URS. Wearable lower-limb resistance has not been rigorously applied in PAPE investigations to date, but presently, the preliminary data do not indicate a PAPE for URS using these devices (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Priming Effect of a Heavy or Very Heavy Resisted Sled Sprint-Based Conditioning Activity on Subsequent Unresisted Sprint Performance in Team Field Sport Athletes

Monahan

Egan

2021

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Monahan, M and Egan, B. The priming effect of a heavy or very heavy resisted sled sprint-based conditioning activity on subsequent unresisted sprint performance in team field sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 91–97, 2023—The effect of resisted sled sprinting (RSS) on postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) was investigated in team field sport athletes (n = 28; m and female, 15 and 13; age, 22.1 ± 2.5 years; height, 1.77 ± 0.11 m; body mass [BM], 75.1 ± 16.4 kg). After a standardized warm-up, unresisted sprint (URS) performance was measured over 10- and 20-m (PRE) followed by a conditioning activity (CA) consisting of 3 × 20 m RSS. Unresisted sprint performance was then measured again at 30 seconds and 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 minutes after CA. The effect of heavy (H-RSS) or very heavy (VH-RSS) sled loads were compared during 2 separate visits using a randomized crossover design. Heavy-resisted sled sprinting and VH-RSS loads corresponded to a velocity decrement (Vdec) of 17.3 ± 3.6%Vdec (20.0 ± 2.3%BM) and 52.9 ± 3.8%Vdec (64.3 ± 7.0%BM), respectively. Unresisted sprint performance after CA was slower than PRE over 10- and 20-m (both p < 0.001 for time). The decline in URS performance over 20-m was greater in VH-RSS (time × sled load interaction, p = 0.033). However, after extraction of the fastest sprint times after CA, the fastest sprint time for 10-m improved after H-RSS by 0.026 (0.001, 0.050) seconds (p = 0.040; d = 0.21) but not after VH-RSS (p = 0.054; d = 0.14). The fastest sprint times for 20-m were similar to PRE after H-RSS and VH-RSS. No sex-specific differences were observed. Given the high intersubject variability in the magnitude of improvement, and for the time point at which the fastest sprint occurred, there remains questionable practical value to an RSS-based CA as a means to induce a PAPE for URS performance.

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Acute effects of wearable thigh and shank loading on spatiotemporal and kinematic variables during maximum velocity sprinting

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Waveform analysis of shank loaded wearable resistance during sprint running acceleration

Waveform analysis of shank loaded wearable resistance during sprint running acceleration

The Role of Hip Joint Clearance Discrepancy as Other Clinical Predictor of Reinjury and Injury Severity in Hamstring Tears in Elite Athletes

The Priming Effect of a Heavy or Very Heavy Resisted Sled Sprint-Based Conditioning Activity on Subsequent Unresisted Sprint Performance in Team Field Sport Athletes

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