Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine–caffeine combination on attention

Kahathuduwa, Chanaka N.; Dassanayake, Tharaka L.; Amarakoon, A.M.T.; Weerasinghe, Vajira S.

doi:10.1080/1028415x.2016.1144845

Cited by 47 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Most recently, caffeine (160 mg) and theanine (200 mg) enhanced recognition visual response time and certain event-related potential (ERP) components, specifically N2-P300 amplitudes indicating enhanced attentional processing. Notably, such effects appeared to be additive in that visual response time and N2-P300 amplitudes were similar between caffeine with theanine together and the sum of caffeine and theanine alone (Kahathuduwa et al 2016). Thus, some work suggests that the cognitive benefits of caffeine are similar with and without theanine (Kelly et al 2008;Owen et al 2008), indicating that the cognitive effects of tea may be driven by caffeine, whereas other work suggests that theanine has independent or additive effects when consumed with caffeine (Haskell et al 2008;Kahathuduwa et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The dose of caffeine chosen was roughly equivalent to an 8-ounce coffee purchased at a local coffee chain (Starbucks short coffee; 180 mg) and the dose of theanine was approximately that which could be consumed with five 8-ounce cups of tea (Cooper et al 2005). Similar doses of theanine have been shown to reduce perceived stress (Kimura et al 2007) and influence attention-related electroencephalographic activity (Gomez-Ramirez et al 2007Kahathuduwa et al 2016). Treatment order was counterbalanced across participants using a complete Latin square.…”

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Caffeine and theanine exert opposite effects on attention under emotional arousal

Giles

Mahoney

Brunyé

et al. 2017

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

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Tea is perceived as more relaxing than coffee, even though both contain caffeine. L-theanine in tea may account for the difference. Consumed together, caffeine and theanine exert similar cognitive effects to that of caffeine alone, but exert opposite effects on arousal, in that caffeine accentuates and theanine mitigates physiological and felt stress responses. We evaluated whether caffeine and theanine influenced cognition under emotional arousal. Using a double-blind, repeatedmeasures design, 36 participants received 4 treatments (200 mg caffeine + 0 mg theanine, 0 mg caffeine + 200 mg theanine, 200 mg caffeine + 200 mg theanine, 0 mg caffeine + 0 mg theanine) on separate days. Emotional arousal was induced by highly arousing negative film clips and pictures. Mood, salivary cortisol, and visual attention were evaluated. Caffeine accentuated global processing of visual attention on the hierarchical shape task (p < 0.05), theanine accentuated local processing (p < 0.05), and the combination did not differ from placebo. Caffeine reduced flanker conflict difference scores on the Attention Network Test (p < 0.05), theanine increased difference scores (p < 0.05), and the combination did not differ from placebo. Thus, under emotional arousal, caffeine and theanine exert opposite effects on certain attentional processes, but when consumed together, they counteract the effects of each other.Key words: caffeine, theanine, arousal, attention, cortisol, emotion, cognition.Résumé : Le thé est perçu comme étant plus relaxant que le café, même si tous deux contiennent de la caféine. La L-théanine du thé pourrait être à l'origine de la différence entre les deux. Consommées ensemble, la caféine et la théanine exercent des effets similaires sur les facultés cognitives que la caféine seule, mais elles exercent des effets contraires sur l'éveil : effets d'accentuation de la caféine et effets mitigés de la théanine sur le plan des réactions au stress de natures physiologique et des sensations. Nous avons tenté de vérifier l'hypothèse selon laquelle la caféine et la théanine pourraient influencer les facultés cognitives en situation d'excitation émotionnelle. À l'aide d'un modèle à double insu avec mesures répétées sur des jours distincts, nous avons administré les traitements suivants chez 36 participants : caféine à 200 mg + théanine à 0 mg, caféine à 0 mg + théanine à 200 mg, caféine à 200 mg + théanine à 200 mg et caféine à 0 mg + théanine à 0 mg. Nous avons provoqué une excitation émotionnelle à l'aide d'images et de séquences filmées négatives. Nous avons évalué l'humeur, les taux de cortisol dans la salive et l'attention visuelle. La caféine entraînait une accentuation du traitement global par l'attention visuelle aux tâches de catégorisation de formes (« hierarchical shape task »; p < 0,05), la théanine entraînait une accentuation du traitement local (p < 0,05), et l'association des deux donnait les mêmes résultats que le placebo. La caféine entraînait une réduction des scores de différence des conflits en présenc...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine and theanine exert opposite effects on attention under emotional arousal

Giles

Mahoney

Brunyé

et al. 2017

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As a stimulant, caffeine often increases alertness and improves performance for tasks requiring sustained attention [13]. In addition, it was reported that acute intake of theanine, caffeine, and their significantly improved cognitive and neurophysiological measures of selective attention [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Improved Attention Induced by Caffeine Intake Affect Olfactory Function?

Han

Choi

Jeong

et al. 2020

Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol

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Objectives. Past several studies have proven that caffeine facilitates attentional enhancement by acting as an adenosine antagonist once it is absorbed by the body, resulting in improved psycho-behavioral function. Modern clinical olfactory function tests are usually assessed by psychophysical tests but due to a paucity of data, the influence of enhanced attention by caffeine on olfactory function still remains unclear. The objective of this study was to compare results of cognitive function (attention) and olfactory function before and after caffeine administration in order to analyze effects of caffeine on olfactory function in normosmic subjects.Methods. This study enrolled 49 participants of Konkuk University Hospital with a mean age of 27.7 years who had patent olfactory clefts and no olfactory dysfunction from May 2015 to February 2016. Subjects were restrained from caffeine 10 hours before the test. On day 1, participant’s subjective olfactory function was evaluated before and after uptake of either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee using visual analog scale (VAS) score, minimum cross-sectional area (MCA) measured by acoustic rhinometry, and the Korean version of Sniffin’ Stick II (KVSS II). Evaluation of participant’s attentional degree was measured by d2 test. On day 2, the same procedure was carried out with counterpart substance. The type of coffee initially administrated was randomly selected.Results. After administration, caffeinated coffee resulted in significant attentional enhancement than decaffeinated coffee. Results of d2 test showed statistically significant differences in the parameters of total number of errors and omission errors. In both the caffeinated and decaffeinated groups, the patients showed slight increase in VAS score and nasal cavity area; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Also, caffeinated coffee intake compared to decaffeinated coffee intake showed no significant relevance to olfactory function.Conclusion. Caffeine may significantly improve attentional congnitive function, while not have acute effects on olfactory function.

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“…All studies considered acute effects of caffeine and had a relatively even distribution of male and female participants. Two studies recruited men only [43,44] and one recruited military personnel [44], with a combined total number of 172 participants. Participants' caffeine consumption was heterogeneous across all included studies, examining low, moderate, high and mixed users.…”

Section: Caffeinementioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Effect of Dietary Supplements on Cognitive Performance in Healthy Young Adults and Military Personnel

Pomeroy¹,

Tooley²,

Probert³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Intake of dietary supplements has increased, despite evidence that some of these have adverse side effects and uncertainty about their effectiveness. This systematic review examined the evidence for the cognitive benefits of a wide range of dietary supplements in healthy young adult samples; the aim was to identify if any might be useful for optimising cognitive performance during deployment in military personnel. Searches were conducted in 9 databases and 13 grey literature repositories for relevant studies published between January 2000 and June 2017. Eligible studies recruited healthy young adults (18–35 years), administered a legal dietary supplement, included a comparison control group, and assessed cognitive outcome(s). Thirty-seven of 394 identified studies met inclusion criteria and were included for synthesis. Most research was deemed of low quality (72.97%; SIGN50 guidelines), highlighting the need for sound empirical research in this area. Nonetheless, we suggest that tyrosine or caffeine could be used in healthy young adults in a military context to enhance cognitive performance when personnel are sleep-deprived. Caffeine also has the potential benefit of improving vigilance and attention during sustained operations offering little opportunity for sleep. Inconsistent findings and methodological limitations preclude firm recommendations about the use of other specific dietary supplements.

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Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine–caffeine combination on attention

Abstract: A dose of theanine equivalent of eight cups of back tea improves cognitive and neurophysiological measures of selective attention, to a degree that is comparable with that of caffeine. Theanine and caffeine seem to have additive effects on attention in high doses.

Cited by 47 publications

References 37 publications

Caffeine and theanine exert opposite effects on attention under emotional arousal

Caffeine and theanine exert opposite effects on attention under emotional arousal

Does Improved Attention Induced by Caffeine Intake Affect Olfactory Function?

A Systematic Review of the Effect of Dietary Supplements on Cognitive Performance in Healthy Young Adults and Military Personnel

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