Acute effects of kaolinite suspension on eggs and larvae of some marine teleosts

Turbidity reduces hatching success in Threatened Spotted Gar (Lepisosteus oculatus)

“…Suspended sediments can effectively smother eggs, depriving them of oxygen and leading to egg mortality (reviewed in Henley et al 2010). Some studies, however, have shown little negative effects of suspended sediment on the egg stage, whereas, larval stages are severely adversely affected by turbidity (e.g., Isono et al 1998;Partridge and Michael 2010). Therefore, the effect of turbidity on fish eggs may be species specific (reviewed in Henley et al 2010), and it may be that imperilled species are those that are most sensitive to this stressor, while more common species are able to compensate.…”

Toxicological evaluation of clay minerals and derived nanocomposites: A review

“…In addition, different concentrations of kaolinite caused o10% mortality in some different marine species within 5-12 days (McFarland and Peddicord, 1980). Isono et al (1998) demonstrated that the hatching success and developmental rates of eggs of four marine fish species (Pagrus major, Acanthopagrus schlegelii, Oplegnathus fasciatus, and Parapristipoma trilineatum) was not significantly affected after 24 h of exposure to 10 g/L kaolinite. On the contrary, the latter authors also described larvae mortality in all of the fish species exposed to different concentrations of the kaolinite suspension (0.032-10 g/L) for up to 12 h. Similarly, Robinson et al (2010) described a decrease in survival after 24 h of exposure of D. magna to a double pulse of 734 mg/L kaolinite.…”

Direct and indirect effects of simulated calcareous dredge material on eggs and larvae of pink snapper Pagrus auratus

“…With gill clogging, abrasion and damage having been previously described for juvenile and adult fishes (Appleby & Scarratt, 1989; Buermann et al , 1997), this is a probable mechanism for the higher mortality seen in larvae with open mouths. Isono et al (1998) worked only with closed‐mouth P. major larvae and did not calculate LC 50 values for these larvae but did state that ‘over 50% mortality occurred in P. major at 1000 mg l −1 for 12 h’. That a 12 h LC 50 value of 2020 mg l −1 for closed‐mouthed P. auratus larvae was obtained in this study suggests that calcarenite dredge material is less toxic than kaolinite clay.…”

“…Two expansion plans have been proposed, both of which will involve significant dredging of calcarenite limestone in known spawning and larval grounds of pink snapper Pagrus auratus (Foster) (Wakefield, 2006). In one of the few published studies on the effects of suspended solids on marine fish larvae, Isono et al (1998) investigated the direct effects of kaolinite clay on the eggs and larvae of four species, including red sea bream Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel); a species recently identified as a sub‐species of P. auratus (Tabata & Taniguchi, 2000). These authors found that P. major were the least tolerant of the four species tested.…”

“…These data are to be used in combination with the sediment's dispersive properties and hydrodynamic models to assist in determining the potential impacts of the proposed port expansion plans within Cockburn Sound on eggs and larvae of P. auratus . Although Isono et al (1998) conducted a study on the toxicity of kaolinite clay to P. major , it is critical that data be obtained using the appropriate sediment, as the impacts of suspended solids on fishes are largely determined by physical characteristics such as particle size and shape (Newcombe & MacDonald, 1991; Newcombe & Jensen, 1996; Lake & Hinch, 1999). The direct effects of calcarenite material to P. auratus eggs were assessed by investigating sediment concentration and exposure time on egg viability, sediment adherence to eggs and hatch rate.…”