Acute effects of energy drinks in medical students

García, Angélica; Romero, Carmelo García; Arroyave, Cristhian David; Giraldo, Fabián; Sánchez, Leidy Viviana; Sánchez, Julio César

doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1246-5

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Numerous studies have explored the short-term effects of ED on the cardiovascular system, primarily with respect to caffeine and sugar ( 38 – 40 ). For example, a recent randomized crossover study on healthy subjects found that consumption of 355 mL of an ED resulted in increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output ( 39 ).…”

Section: Health Effects Of Edmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects and Public Health Concerns of Energy Drink Consumption in the United States: A Mini-Review

Al-Shaar

Vercammen

et al. 2017

Front. Public Health

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As energy drink consumption continues to grow worldwide and within the United States, it is important to critically examine the nutritional content and effects on population health of these beverages. This mini-review summarizes the current scientific evidence on health consequences from energy drink consumption, presents relevant public health challenges, and proposes recommendations to mitigate these issues. Emerging evidence has linked energy drink consumption with a number of negative health consequences such as risk-seeking behaviors, poor mental health, adverse cardiovascular effects, and metabolic, renal, or dental conditions. Despite the consistency in evidence, most studies are of cross-sectional design or focus almost exclusively on the effect of caffeine and sugar, failing to address potentially harmful effects of other ingredients. The negative health effects associated with energy drinks (ED) are compounded by a lack of regulatory oversight and aggressive marketing by the industry toward adolescents. Moreover, the rising trend of mixing ED with alcohol presents a new challenge that researchers and public health practitioners must address further. To curb this growing public health issue, policy makers should consider creating a separate regulatory category for ED, setting an evidence-based upper limit on caffeine, restricting sales of ED, and regulating existing ED marketing strategies, especially among children and adolescents.

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Section: Health Effects Of Edmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects and Public Health Concerns of Energy Drink Consumption in the United States: A Mini-Review

Al-Shaar

Vercammen

et al. 2017

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Taurine also affects the renin-angiotensine-aldosterone axis by promoting the expression of ACE2 over ACE and thus lowering the angiotensine activity [ 29 ]. Garcia et al have found that taurine-containing energy drink consumption may cause an increase in human salivary cortisol level [ 30 ]. The effects of energy drink consumption on the salivary cortisol levels may depend on the exact composition of the drink, including some additives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decrease in Lipid Droplets in Adrenal Cortex of Male Wistar Rats after Chronic Exposure to Energy Drinks

et al. 2018

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Background and objectives: Energy drinks are popular non-alcoholic beverages. They are consumed in large amounts, mainly by active, young people. Although they are easily accessible and marketed as safe, numerous cases of adverse effects have been published, including cardiac arrest, arrythmias, acute hepatitis, and renal failure. The aim of the current study is the assessment of energy drink influence on the histological structure of adrenal cortex in rats. Material and Methods: 15 male young Wistar rats were equally divided into three groups: control (C), experimental (E) and reversibility control (RC). C group received water and standard rodent food ad libitum while both E and RC groups had additionally unlimited access to energy drinks. C and E groups were decapitated after 8 weeks and RC was given another 8 weeks without energy drinks. Adrenal glands were embedded in paraffin blocks and 5 μm slides were prepared and stained according to standard H&E and Masson’s trichrome protocols. Additionally, immunohistochemical stainings against Ki-67, p53, CTGF and caspase-3 were prepared. Results: Decreased vacuolization and numerous pyknotic nuclei were noted in E and RC groups. Overexpression of caspase-3 was noted both subcapsular in zona glomerulosa and along sinusoids in zona fasciculata. Increased collagen deposition in zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata of E and RC was observed. Insular and irregular overexpression of CTGF was noted. The overall picture of CTGF expression matched the Masson’s trichrome. No significant difference was observed in Ki-67 expression. Conclusions: The results of the current study suggest that the stimulation is so intense that it causes significant damage to adrenal cortical cells, resulting in their apoptosis. It seems, however, that the observed effects are at least partially reversible.

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“…In another study, García et al (2017) attempted to "determine the acute effects of a variety of recognized energy drinks on medical students, based on the hypothesis that these beverages may affect negatively cardiovascular parameters, stress levels, and working memory. Evaluations were performed before and following the intake of either carbonated water or one of three energy drinks containing caffeine in similar concentrations and an undetermined energy blend."…”

Section: Energy Drinks and Young Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cortisol salivary levels also increased. The authors determined that "consumers needed to be more informed about the safety of these energy drinks, especially the young student population" (García et al, 2017). Manchester et al (2017) discussed the growing popularity of energy drinks among society.…”

Section: Energy Drinks and Young Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

College Students’ Caffeine Intake Habits and Their Perception of Its Effects

Beek¹,

Weier²,

Williams³

et al. 2019

JED

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Background: Caffeine is a highly used stimulant on college campuses. The prevalence of energy drinks, especially among the younger generations is cause for concern. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the caffeine intake habits of college students and the perception of its effects. Method: The method used was quantitative, cross-sectional, with a descriptive design. The two research questions were: (1) What are the caffeine intake habits of college students? (2) What are the perceptions of the effects of caffeine use among college students? This study was conducted at a college campus in northern Indiana, USA. Participants included 120 male and female students ages 18 years and older. The health belief model was used to guide this study. Results: The study indicated that while caffeine is a commonly used stimulant across campus, overuse was not revealed. Many students reported being able to go 48-72 hours without caffeine and not experiencing withdrawal symptoms when going without it. However, most students do report that they perceive a need to decrease their use of caffeine, as caffeine use has increased since attending college. Conclusion: The review of the literature indicated that the use of caffeine was higher in younger people. However, the research completed as a part of this study from college students indicated that caffeine overuse may not be as prevalent as previously thought.

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Acute effects of energy drinks in medical students

Abstract: The data reinforce the need for further research on the acute and chronic effects of energy drinks to determine the actual risks and benefits. Consumers need to be more informed about the safety of these energy drinks, especially the young student population.

Cited by 32 publications

References 75 publications

Health Effects and Public Health Concerns of Energy Drink Consumption in the United States: A Mini-Review

Health Effects and Public Health Concerns of Energy Drink Consumption in the United States: A Mini-Review

Decrease in Lipid Droplets in Adrenal Cortex of Male Wistar Rats after Chronic Exposure to Energy Drinks

College Students’ Caffeine Intake Habits and Their Perception of Its Effects

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