Acute effects of combined Bacopa, American ginseng and whole coffee fruit on working memory and cerebral haemodynamic response of the prefrontal cortex: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Effects of Fruit and Vegetable-Based Nutraceutical on Cognitive Function in a Healthy Population: Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, and Randomized Clinical Trial

“…In the case of the RIST test, the results of more than 15 points of difference in the RI when the product is consumed also coincide with the results obtained in the TESEN test in terms of working memory and with those obtained by other authors in similar intervention studies, using the RIST test in a danish cohort study with children [51], evaluation with RVIP test in the administration of an extract rich in polyphenols [12] concluding that its consumption can be an alternative for the improvement of working memory and attention and in other interventions using similar cognitive tests [17,62].…”

“…There are authors who have investigated the synergistic effects of various plant compounds [ 16 , 17 ], but their effects have not been clearly demonstrated and more randomized trials are needed [ 12 ]. Some authors have shown that the consumption of a Mediterranean diet in young people leads to a decreased risk of dementia when they are elderly [ 18 , 19 ], and that in these healthy young subjects improved mood and a decreased risk of depression has been noted [ 20 ].…”

Acute Cognitive Performance and Mood Effects of Coffeeberry Extract: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study in Healthy Humans

“…However, this was not observed in the current study, with no effects observed following 300 mg coffeeberry. Therefore, given the small number and transient nature of these negative effects amongst many analyses, and the fact that this is the first report of any negative effects on cognitive performance or mood measures following interventions containing coffeeberry extract [15,16,20,21,36], these results should be viewed with caution and require further investigation.…”

“…Previously, 100 mg of the same coffeeberry extract that was evaluated in the current study co-administered with 275 mg apple extract had no effect on performance of the CDB (also with four repetitions per assessment) or measures of episodic memory and executive function assessed at 60-, 180-and 360-min post dose [20]. Conversely, when co-supplemented with 300 mg Bacopa monnieri and 100 mg Panax quinquefolius ginseng, 100 mg whole coffee extract improved working memory performance (on 2-back and 3-back tasks) at 45 min post dose [16]. Similarly, a small pilot study in older adults with subjective cognitive decline reported that single doses of 100 mg coffeeberry extract improved reaction times on both an attention and working memory task at 90 min post dose, which was coupled with neurofunctional changes indicative of improved efficiency [32].…”

“…Despite clear mood enhancements and increased oxygenated haemoglobin in the prefrontal cortex, no improvements were observed on cognitive task performance. In contrast, when presented in combination with different herbal extracts (300 mg Bacopa monnieri and 100 mg Panax quinquefolius ginseng), acute supplementation of 100 mg whole coffee fruit extract (40 mg chlorogenic acid) improved working memory task performance in healthy adults [16]. Additionally, concomitant changes in hemodynamic response (reductions in activation in the pre-frontal cortex) were observed.…”