Acute Effects of a Respiratory Sprint-Interval Session on Muscle Contractility

Wüthrich, Thomas U.; Marty, Julia; Benaglia, Pascal; Eichenberger, Philipp A.; Spengler, Christina M.

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000627

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…An increase in sympathetic drive would in turn alter the sympathetic/parasympathetic balance in favor of sympathetic activity, a hypothesis also in line with the decrease in vagal activation evidenced from the changes in HF power and RMSSD after the RMT sessions. In support of this concept, the respiratory parameters during the RMT sessions in the current investigation were comparable to the ones performed by Wüthrich et al (2015) (V E = 59.3% MVV ± 5.0 for RMET and 64.2 ± 7.5% MVV for RMSIT; V T = 3.14 l ± 0.55 for RMET and 3.10 l ± 0.54 for RMSIT), who showed that an RMSIT session has the potential to fatigue respiratory muscles similarly to an RMET session. In contrast to the somewhat convoluted findings regarding the acute effects of physical exercise on PWV, there is broader consensus that acute exercise sessions lead to a transient undershoot of SBP in the minutes following exercise, and eventually to post-exercise hypotension in the hours after exercise cessation (MacDonald, 2002), with the former effect attributed to the pooling of blood in the vascular beds of both the exercised and inactive muscles.…”

Section: Effects Of Acute Cardiometabolic Stress In An Rmt Session Onsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…RMET seems promising in increasing vasomotor response (Bisconti et al, 2018), whereas respiratory muscle strength training has been shown to elicit responses in blood pressure (Vranish and Bailey, 2015;DeLucia et al, 2018), but to date no comprehensive evaluation over different vascular parameters has been performed. A new modality, where participants are required to perform very brief bouts of all-out respiratory efforts against high resistance (Wüthrich et al, 2015;Schaer et al, 2019), termed respiratory muscle sprint interval training (RMSIT), could optimize the potential responses of both traditional strength and endurance regimens. RMSIT has already been shown to be as effective as traditional RMET in improving respiratory parameters (Schaer et al, 2019), and the higher pressures could be enough to trigger more prominent vascular responses (Vranish and Bailey, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No Evidence That Hyperpnea-Based Respiratory Muscle Training Affects Indexes of Cardiovascular Health in Young Healthy Adults

2020

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IntroductionThe chronic effects of respiratory muscle training (RMT) on the cardiovascular system remain unclear. This investigation tested to which degree a single sessions of RMT with or without added vibration, which could enhance peripheral blood flow and vascular response, or a 4-week RMT program could result in changes in pulse wave velocity (PWV), blood pressure (systolic, SBP; diastolic, DBP) and other markers of cardiovascular health.MethodsSixteen young and healthy participants (8 m/8f) performed 15 min of either continuous normocapnic hyperpnea (RMET), sprint-interval-type hyperpnea (RMSIT) or a control session (quiet sitting). Sessions were performed once with and once without passive vibration of the lower limbs. To assess training-induced adaptations, thirty-four young and healthy participants (17 m/17f) were measured before and after 4 weeks (three weekly sessions) of RMET (n = 13, 30-min sessions of normocapnic hyperpnea), RMSIT [n = 11, 6 × 1 min (1 min break) normocapnic hyperpnea with added resistance] or placebo (n = 10).ResultsSBP was elevated from baseline at 5 min after each RMT session, but returned to baseline levels after 15 min, whereas DBP was unchanged from baseline following RMT. Carotid-femoral PWV (PWVCF) was elevated at 5 and 15 min after RMT compared to baseline (main effect of time, P = 0.001), whereas no changes were seen for carotid-radial PWV (PWVCR) or the PWVCF/PWVCR ratio. Vibration had no effects in any of the interventions. Following the 4-week training period, no differences from the placebo group were seen for SBP (P = 0.686), DBP (P = 0.233), PWVCF (P = 0.844), PWVCR (P = 0.815) or the PWVCF/PWVCR ratio (P = 0.389).Discussion/ConclusionAlthough 15 min of RMT sessions elicited transient increases in PWVCF and SBP, no changes were detected following 4 weeks of either RMET or RMSIT. Adding passive vibration of the lower limbs during RMT sessions did not provide additional value to the session with regards to vascular responses.

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Section: Effects Of Acute Cardiometabolic Stress In An Rmt Session Onsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No Evidence That Hyperpnea-Based Respiratory Muscle Training Affects Indexes of Cardiovascular Health in Young Healthy Adults

2020

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“…–2 to –7%) in FEV 1 , FVC, and increases (approx. 20%) in R5 were previously reported in healthy subjects following 30 min [11, 32] and 60 min [9, 10] of continuous HYP with similar or higher intensity, while no decline was reported after 30 min of HYP with unmeasured but likely lower ventilation [33]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…A potential cause of the changes in lung function observed after HYP might be HYP-induced respiratory muscle fatigue [9, 10, 32, 40, 41] since flow generation is effort dependent, at high lung volumes [42, 43] affecting PEF and to a lesser extent FEV 1 [44], and at very low lung volumes [42] potentially affecting FEF 25 − 75% and FVC. Although asthmatics showed reduced respiratory muscle strength, possibly rendering them more prone to the development of respiratory muscle fatigue, and although FEV 1 and PEF were indeed reduced early during HYP 1 – consistent with early development of fatigue [40] – respiratory muscle fatigue as a cause of changes in lung function seems unlikely since changes resolved already during the course of HYP 1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similar Airway Function after Volitional Hyperpnea in Mild-Moderate Asthmatics and Healthy Controls

et al. 2019

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Background: The beneficial effects of exercise training for asthmatics might relate to repetitive airway stretching. Thus, a training with more pronounced airway stretch using isolated, volitional hyperpnea (HYP) might be similarly or more effective. However, in healthy subjects, a bout of HYP training is known to cause an acute FEV₁ decline. Objective: The aim of the present study was therefore to test whether these changes are more pronounced in asthmatics, possibly putting them at risk with HYP training. Methods: Nine subjects with mild-moderate asthma (confirmed by mannitol challenge) and 11 healthy subjects performed six 5-min bouts (with 6-min breaks; HYP₁) and one 30-min bout (HYP₂) of normocapnic HYP at 60% of maximal voluntary ventilation using warm and humid air. FEV₁ and airway resistance (R5) were measured before, in breaks (HYP₁), and immediately after HYP, and during 60 min of recovery. Results: In both groups, a significant and similar decrease in FEV₁ during HYP₁ (asthmatics: –3 ± 3%; healthy subjects: –2 ± 3%), after HYP₁ (asthmatics: –2 ± 5%; healthy subjects: –1 ± 4%), and after HYP₂ (asthmatics: –4 ± 5%; healthy subjects: –3 ± 3%), and an increase in R5 during and after both HYPs were observed. Maximal changes in FEV₁ and R5 did not correlate with baseline lung function or responsiveness to mannitol. Conclusions: A bout of HYP does not lead to relevant bronchoconstriction and the observed changes in lung function and airway resistance are neither of the magnitude of clinical relevance, nor do they differ from responses in healthy individuals. Thus, HYP training can safely be tested as an airway-specific exercise training alternative (or add-on) modality to regular aerobic exercise training.

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“…After recording the pre-test data, the participants of the experimental group performed the RMSIT protocol, followed by post-test after two minutes. The RMSIT was fulfilled as six sets of 30-second deep breathing exercise (with two minutes rest between sets) with constant tidal volume, maximum breathing rate and added resistance [11]. In the control group, they had no activity for 15 minutes after pre-test (similar to the protocol performed by the experimental group) and then the post-test was completed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immediate Effect of Respiratory Muscle Sprint-Interval Training (RMSIT) on the Plantar Pressure Variables in Athletes with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Borujeni

Yalfani

2019

Iran. Rehabil. J.

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The respiratory function is often overlooked in people with Low Back Pain (LBP), while it is one of the factors for the continuation and recurrence of lumbar spine injury. Aim of this study was survay the immediate effect of Respiratory Muscle Sprint-Interval Training (RMSIT) on the plantar pressure variables of athletes with LBP. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on two groups with LBP, one experimental group (24 patients) and one control group (23 patients). The plantar pressure variables were recorded using a plantar pressure measurement device. The experimental group performed the RMSIT protocol. The RMSIT was fulfilled as six sets of 30-second deep breathing exercises (with two minutes of rest between sets) with constant tidal volume, maximum breathing rate, and added resistance. The paired t-test and one-way covariance tests were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of (95%) confidence ellipse showed that RMSIT caused a significant decrease in the amount area of sway, but the exercise did not make a significant difference in the length of minor axis and length of the major axis. The results of the Center of Presure (COP) factors showed that the training program significantly reduced the amount of path length, the standard deviation in the Y axis, but the results did not show a significant difference in the velocity and standard deviation in the X axis in the experimental group. The results demonstrated no significant difference between the experimental and control group in the plantar pressure symmetry indices. Discussion: It can be concluded that, these exercises can be used to reduce some postural oscillation indices in athletes with LBP.

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Acute Effects of a Respiratory Sprint-Interval Session on Muscle Contractility

Abstract: Despite different work history, RMSIT appears to place a metabolic load on respiratory muscles similarly to RMET and could therefore be considered a time-saving and safe training alternative.

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

No Evidence That Hyperpnea-Based Respiratory Muscle Training Affects Indexes of Cardiovascular Health in Young Healthy Adults

No Evidence That Hyperpnea-Based Respiratory Muscle Training Affects Indexes of Cardiovascular Health in Young Healthy Adults

Similar Airway Function after Volitional Hyperpnea in Mild-Moderate Asthmatics and Healthy Controls

Immediate Effect of Respiratory Muscle Sprint-Interval Training (RMSIT) on the Plantar Pressure Variables in Athletes with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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