Acute Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Heart Rate Variability

Abstract

Acute cigarette smoking enhances adrenergic activity and thus may be associated with hemodynamic changes in the cardiovascular system. In this study, the acute effect of cigarette smoking on heart rate variability (HRV) was studied. Fifteen subjects were included in the study. Time domain (the mean R-R interval, the standard deviation of R-R interval, and the root mean square of successive R-R interval differences) and frequency domain (high-frequency, low-frequency ratio, and low-frequency/high-frequency ratio) parameters of HRV were obtained from all participants for each 5-minute segment: 5 minutes before and 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes after smoking a cigarette. The mean R-R interval, the standard deviation of R-R interval, and the root mean square of successive R-R interval differences significantly decreased within the first 5-minute period compared with baseline, and then the standard deviation of R-R interval increased within the 20- to 30-minute period. The low-frequency high-frequency ratio significantly decreased within the first 5 minutes after smoking and then remained unchanged throughout the study period. Similarly, low-frequency and high-frequency power increased within the first 5 minutes compared with baseline. Acute cigarette smoking alters HRV parameters, particularly within the first 5 to 10 minutes after smoking.

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“…Decrease in the vagal modulation during smoking was also observed by Karakaya et al 11 , who evaluated the acute effects of smoking in 15 nonsmoker volunteers on HRV indices and observed changes in the TD and FD, particularly in the 5-10 minutes immediately after the act of smoking, characterized by a decrease in the SDNN, RMSSD and HF indices, as well as an increase in the LF index. Nabors-Oberg et al 30 equally verified a decrease in the HF index during smoking.…”

Acute Effects of Dokha Smoking on the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems among UAE Male University Students

“…As early as (Elliott, 1968) it was proven that cigarette smoking caused elevations in HR of about 20 bpm. Study by (Karakaya, 2007) showed that cigarette smoking alters heart rate variability [HRV] parameters, particularly within the first 5 to 10 minutes after smoking.…”

Acute Mucociliary Clearance Response to Aerobic Exercise in Smokers

“…This is in agreement with findings described in previous studies in which changes in heart rate variability indexes were found in the time and frequency domains after cigarette smoking. 55 Acute changes in cardiac autonomic control induced by smoking are mostly attributed to nicotine, which stimulates the release of catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine) through activation of nicotinic receptors located on sympathetic nerve endings and the adrenal glands, causing widespread adrenergic stimulation at the peripheral level. 56 The combination of both stimuli led to a significant reduction in all heart rate variability indexes, except LF (normalized units), HF (normalized units), and the LF/HF ratio.…”