Acute Edema/Cutaneous Distention Syndrome Associated With Refeeding in a Patient With Anorexia Nervosa

Eczema craquelé associated with nephrotic syndrome

“…The latter is termed acute edema/cutaneous distension syndrome . 5 , 10 In addition, deposition of mucin, as in pretibial myxedema, has also been associated with eczema craquele. 11 …”

“…Of note, hypoalbuminemia was described in several of the patients with anorexia nervosa who had edema and eczema craquelé. In most of the patients described in Table I , the eczema craquelé resolved with correction of the peripheral edema 4 , 5 , 9 ; the remaining died of their underlying medical conditions before resolution of their edema. 2 , 3 …”

“…Some authors have suggested that the rapidity of edema development plays a greater role than the actual amount of edema. 5 , 9 The appearance of isolated eczema craquelé around a dermatofibroma 12 in the setting of acute leg edema suggested that decreased extensibility leading to greater dermal tension served as an inciting factor. Lastly, the possibility exists that even for the classic presentation of eczema craquelé – older individual with xerosis – the preference for the distal lower extremities may reflect the common occurrence of edema from venous hypertension in this location and age group.…”

“…It most commonly affects the distal lower extremities of older individuals during cold winter months and develops within a background of xerosis. Occasionally, eczema craquelé is a reflection of an underlying malignancy (eg, lymphoma, leukemia, solid organ tumors), 1 , 2 , 3 malnutrition (eg, anorexia nervosa), 4 , 5 decreased sweat gland activity (eg, chronic graft-versus-host-disease, Sjögren's syndrome, hypoesthetic skin), 6 , 7 , 8 or the use of a systemic medication (eg, retinoids). The possibility of a secondary association should be considered when there are atypical features (eg, developing in an adolescent) or in unusual sites (eg, upper back, abdomen).…”

Nutritional and other types of oedema, albumin, complex carbohydrates and the interstitium – a response to Malcolm Coulthard's hypothesis: Oedema in kwashiorkor is caused by hypo-albuminaemia

“…[83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93] In one series with a normal level of sodium in the diet, 20% of anorexic patients developed refeeding oedema; oedema still developed in 6% when a low salt diet was imposed. 83 When measured, in none of these studies was the oedema associated with hypo-albuminaemia.…”