Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie’s syndrome)

Tack, Jan

doi:10.1007/s11938-006-0018-3

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Bowel displacement and distortion secondary to the gravid uterus may also predispose to twisting of bowel loops causing partial or complete obstruction . Colonic pseudo‐obstruction, sometimes referred to as Ogilvie's syndrome or functional colonic obstruction, can be a complication of pregnancy and delivery, most commonly by caesarean section …”

Section: Surgical Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical causes of acute abdominal pain in pregnancy

Woodhead

Nkwam

Caddick

et al. 2019

The Obstetric & Gynaecologis

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Key content Abdominal pain in pregnancy is common, with a differential diagnosis that can encompass obstetric, surgical and medical conditions. Presentation of common surgical problems can be atypical in pregnancy, potentially delaying diagnosis. Surgical causes of abdominal pain to consider in pregnancy include appendicitis, cholecystitis, bowel obstruction, ureteric obstruction, pancreatitis and aneurysm rupture, most commonly involving the splenic artery. The management of surgical conditions in pregnancy requires continuing evaluation and potential modification to balance the medical, surgical and obstetric challenges. Management of the pregnant woman with a surgical cause of abdominal pain requires collaborative, multispecialty practice to optimise care of the mother and baby. Learning objectives To highlight the differential diagnoses of abdominal pain in pregnancy. To develop a structured assessment process for pregnant women with abdominal pain. To update the obstetrician on the priorities of surgical management for abdominal pain in pregnancy. Ethical issues Evaluating the risks of surgical interventions on the mother and baby with the high potential for premature delivery.

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Section: Surgical Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical causes of acute abdominal pain in pregnancy

Woodhead

Nkwam

Caddick

et al. 2019

The Obstetric & Gynaecologis

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“…The interaction between these two systems regulates colonic motility [4]. Some investigators feel that OS is due to a decrease in parasympathetic tone rather than to an increase in sympathetic tone [5][6][7][8]. Most authors consider acute colonic dilatation to be a consequence of decreased parasympathetic activity arising from the sacral plexus (S2, S3, S4) [8,9], resulting in distal colonic atony; this provokes a functional ''occlusion'' similar to that seen in Hirschsprung's disease without, however, involving the myenteric plexus.…”

Section: Theory Of Autonomic Denervationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ogilvie's syndrome–acute colonic pseudo-obstruction

Pereira

Djeudji

Leduc

et al. 2015

Journal of Visceral Surgery

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Ogilvie's syndrome describes an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) consisting of dilatation of part or all of the colon and rectum without intrinsic or extrinsic mechanical obstruction. It often occurs in debilitated patients. Its pathophysiology is still poorly understood. Since computed tomography (CT) often reveals a sharp transition or "cut-off" between dilated and non-dilated bowel, the possibility of organic colonic obstruction must be excluded. If there are no criteria of gravity, initial treatment should be conservative or pharmacologic using neostigmine; decompression of colonic gas is also a favored treatment in the decision tree, especially when cecal dilatation reaches dimensions that are considered at high risk for perforation. Recurrence is prevented by the use of a multiperforated Faucher rectal tube and oral or colonic administration of polyethylene glycol (PEG) laxative. Alternative therapeutic methods include: epidural anesthesia, needle decompression guided either radiologically or colonoscopically, or percutaneous cecostomy. Surgery should be considered only as a final option if medical treatments fail or if colonic perforation is suspected; surgery may consist of cecostomy or manually-guided transanal pan-colorectal tube decompression at open laparotomy. Surgery is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.

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“…The predominant symptom presented by the patients is abdominal distension that usually develops over several days but can also occur within 24 hours [59]. Abdominal distension is frequently associated with mild to moderate pain (up to 80%), nausea and vomiting [57,58].…”

Section: Ogilvie's Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abdominal distension is frequently associated with mild to moderate pain (up to 80%), nausea and vomiting [57,58]. The passage of flatus and stool is undisturbed in up to 40% of patients, and bowel sounds are nearly always present [57][58][59]. Symptoms including fever, abdominal tenderness, rigidity or peritoneal signs suggest the development of complications such as abdominal ischemia or perforation.…”

Section: Ogilvie's Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastrointestinal motility in acute illness

Fruhwald

Holzer

Metzler

2008

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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Critical illness affects gastrointestinal motility - not only as a primary problem, which brings the patient to the intensive care unit (ICU), but also as a complication consecutive to the ICU stay. Motility disturbances may result from impaired function of gastrointestinal muscle, pacemaker cell function and nerve activity. The most important neural control system is the enteric nervous system that contains the largest collection of neurons (10(8) cells) outside the central nervous system. Through its organization it can operate independently of the brain and generate motility patterns according to need: a postprandial motility pattern starting after food intake, and an interdigestive motility pattern starting several hours after a meal. Undisturbed intestinal motility depends critically on a balanced interaction between inhibition and excitation, and a disturbance in this balance leads to severe derangements of intestinal motility. These motility disturbances differ in clinical appearance and location but can affect all parts of the gastrointestinal tract. This review focuses on select motility disturbances such as gastroparesis, postoperative ileus, and Ogilvie's syndrome. Generally effective methods to treat these conditions are given. Finally, we focus on special management options to prevent such motility disturbances or to reduce their severity.

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Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie’s syndrome)

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Surgical causes of acute abdominal pain in pregnancy

Surgical causes of acute abdominal pain in pregnancy

Ogilvie's syndrome–acute colonic pseudo-obstruction

Gastrointestinal motility in acute illness

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