Acute changes in obsessions and compulsions following moderate-intensity aerobic exercise among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Abrantes, Ana M.; Strong, David R.; Cohn, Amy M.; Cameron, Amy; Greenberg, Benjamin D.; Mancebo, Maria C.; Brown, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.06.008

Cited by 66 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…To assess rapid changes in obsessions during and after the infusion, patients self-rated severity of obsessions using the OCD-VAS (Rodriguez et al, 2011), a modified self-rating scale used previously to detect acute changes in OCD symptoms (Abrantes et al, 2009;Greenberg et al, 1998;Murphy et al, 1989), at baseline, during the infusion, at 90, 110, 230-min post-infusion, and daily for 1-week postinfusion. We focused on obsessions because the patients were supine and connected to stationary monitoring equipment during the infusion; thus, compulsions requiring ambulation were constrained.…”

Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial of Ketamine in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Proof-of-Concept

Rodríguez

Kegeles

Levinson

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

295

204

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Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), the first-line pharmacological treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), have two limitations: incomplete symptom relief and 2-3 months lag time before clinically meaningful improvement. New medications with faster onset are needed. As converging evidence suggests a role for the glutamate system in the pathophysiology of OCD, we tested whether a single dose of ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist, could achieve rapid antiobsessional effects. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, drug-free OCD adults (n ¼ 15) with nearconstant obsessions received two 40-min intravenous infusions, one of saline and one of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg), spaced at least 1-week apart. The OCD visual analog scale (OCD-VAS) and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) were used to assess OCD symptoms. Unexpectedly, ketamine's effects within the crossover design showed significant (po0.005) carryover effects (ie, lasting longer than 1 week). As a result, only the first-phase data were used in additional analyses. Specifically, those receiving ketamine (n ¼ 8) reported significant improvement in obsessions (measured by OCD-VAS) during the infusion compared with subjects receiving placebo (n ¼ 7). One-week post-infusion, 50% of those receiving ketamine (n ¼ 8) met criteria for treatment response (X35% Y-BOCS reduction) vs 0% of those receiving placebo (n ¼ 7). Rapid anti-OCD effects from a single intravenous dose of ketamine can persist for at least 1 week in some OCD patients with constant intrusive thoughts. This is the first randomized, controlled trial to demonstrate that a drug affecting glutamate neurotransmission can reduce OCD symptoms without the presence of an SRI and is consistent with a glutamatergic hypothesis of OCD.

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Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial of Ketamine in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Proof-of-Concept

Rodríguez

Kegeles

Levinson

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

295

204

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“…The acute and chronic effects of exercise have both garnered attention and supporting evidence (27-29); due to this paper’s broad scope and the complexities of attempting to disentangle these two areas of research, they will be presented together as necessary. Exercise’s broad positive health (30-33), mood-enhancing (34-39), and anxiolytic (40-42) effects; capacity to reduce the acute distress of withdrawal (43-47); and nearly universal safety profile when properly adapted for the individual (30,31) make it an appealing adjunctive intervention to help attain abstinence and prevent relapse among individuals with SUDs.…”

Section: Exercise As a Treatment For Sudsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-based treatments for substance use disorders: evidence, theory, and practicality

Linke

Ussher

2014

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

147

116

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Background Epidemiological studies reveal that individuals who report risky substance use are generally less likely to meet physical activity guidelines (with the exception of certain population segments, such as adolescents and athletes). A growing body of evidence suggests that individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) are interested in exercising and that they may derive benefits from regular exercise, in terms of both general health/fitness and SUD recovery. Objectives The aims of this paper were to: (i) summarize the research examining the effects of exercise-based treatments for SUDs; (ii) discuss the theoretical mechanisms and practical reasons for investigating this topic; (iii) identify the outstanding relevant research questions that warrant further inquiry; and (iv) describe potential implications for practice. Methods The following databases were searched for peer-reviewed original and review papers on the topic of substance use and exercise: PubMed Central, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL Plus. Reference lists of these publications were subsequently searched for any missed but relevant manuscripts. Identified papers were reviewed and summarized by both authors. Results The limited research conducted suggests that exercise may be an effective adjunctive treatment for SUDs. In contrast to the scarce intervention trials to date, a relative abundance of literature on the theoretical and practical reasons supporting the investigation of this topic has been published. Conclusions Definitive conclusions are difficult to draw due to diverse study protocols and low adherence to exercise programs, among other problems. Despite the currently limited and inconsistent evidence, numerous theoretical and practical reasons support exercise-based treatments for SUDs, including psychological, behavioral, neurobiological, nearly universal safety profile, and overall positive health effects.

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“…Exercise has been shown to be as effective as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) [22] and to psychotropic medications [23] for depression. State anxiety has been shown to acutely diminish after individual episodes of exercise [24], and aerobic exercise may confer significant benefit in the treatment of adults with anxiety problems including anxiety sensitivity [25], panic disorder [26,27] and obsessive compulsive disorder [28]. …”

Section: Study Design and Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise for methamphetamine dependence: Rationale, design, and methodology

Mooney

Cooper

London³

et al. 2014

Contemporary Clinical Trials

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Background Effective pharmacotherapies to treat methamphetamine (MA) dependence have not been identified, and behavioral therapies are marginally effective. Based on behavioral studies demonstrating the potential efficacy of aerobic exercise for improving depressive symptoms, anxiety, cognitive deficits, and substance use outcomes, the study described here is examining exercise as a potential treatment for MA-dependent individuals. Methods This study is randomizing 150 participants with MA dependence at a residential treatment facility for addictive disorders to receive either a thrice-weekly structured aerobic and resistance exercise intervention or a health education condition. Recruitment commenced in March, 2010. Enrollment and follow-up phases are ongoing, and recruitment is exceeding targeted enrollment rates. Conclusions Seeking evidence for a possibly effective adjunct to traditional behavioral approaches for treatment of MA dependence, this study is assessing the ability of an 8-week aerobic and resistance exercise protocol to reduce relapse to MA use during a 12-week follow-up period after discharge from residential-based treatment. The study also is evaluating improvements in health and functional outcomes during and after the protocol. This paper describes the design and methods of the study.

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Acute changes in obsessions and compulsions following moderate-intensity aerobic exercise among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Cited by 66 publications

References 26 publications

Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial of Ketamine in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Proof-of-Concept

Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial of Ketamine in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Proof-of-Concept

Exercise-based treatments for substance use disorders: evidence, theory, and practicality

Exercise for methamphetamine dependence: Rationale, design, and methodology

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