Acute beetroot juice administration improves peak isometric force production in adolescent males

Bender, David A.; Townsend, Jeremy R.; Vantrease, William C.; Marshall, Autumn; Henry, Ruth; Heffington, Stephen H.; Johnson, Kent D.

doi:10.1139/apnm-2018-0050

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In relation to this, other studies [ 38 , 39 ] demonstrated that BJ supplementation enhanced angular velocity and muscle power in knee extension evaluated in different populations, these results supporting the hypothesis that NO 3 − influences the contractile properties of human muscle [ 38 ] according to previous studies in rats [ 17 ]. A previous study by Bender et al [ 40 ] demonstrated that acute BJ supplementation increased peak isometric force output in adolescent men, although they used a higher dose and consumption time than ours: 2 × 70 mL of BJ (∼12.9 mmol·L −1 NO 3 − ) at 2.5 h prior to performing test. In addition to this, Whitfield et al [ 41 ] reported that BJ supplementation increased force production and peak twitch tension albeit using a multiday dosing protocol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Acute Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplements on Resistance Training: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover

et al. 2020

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The ingestion of beetroot juice (BJ) has been associated with improvements in physical performance in endurance sports, however the literature on resistance training (RT) is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of BJ compared to a placebo (PLA) on muscular endurance and movement concentric velocity during RT. Twelve healthy men performed an incremental RT test (back squat and bench press) with three sets, at 60%, 70%, and 80% of their repetition maximum (1-RM). Movement velocity variables, total number of repetitions performed until concentric failure, blood lactate, and ratings of perceived effort post-training were measured. A higher number of repetitions were recorded with BJ compared to those with PLA (13.8 ± 14.4; p < 0.01; effect size (ES) = 0.6). Differences were found at 60% 1-RM (9 ± 10; p < 0.05; ES = 0.61) and 70% 1-RM (3.1 ± 4.8; p < 0.05; ES = 0.49), however, no differences were found at 80% 1-RM (1.7 ± 1; p = 0.12; ES = 0.41). A greater number of repetitions was performed in back squat (13.4 ± 13; p < 0.01; ES = 0.77), but no differences were observed in bench press (0.4 ± 5.1; p = 0.785; ES = 0.03). No differences were found for the rest of the variables (p > 0.05). Acute supplementation of BJ improved muscular endurance performance in RT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Acute Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplements on Resistance Training: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover

et al. 2020

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“…NO 3 − supplementation has been reported to increase force production at low stimulation frequencies in some (≤20 Hz) [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], but not all studies [ 25 , 26 ]. Although dietary NO 3 − supplementation has been reported to improve maximal voluntary contractile force during a mid-thigh pull [ 27 ], most studies have not observed an increase in maximal voluntary isometric contractile force when contracting the knee extensors [ 19 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 29 ]. Acute NO 3 − ingestion has been reported to enhance peak torque during isokinetic dynamometry at high but not low angular velocities [ 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Isokinetic Torque in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

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Dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation, which can enhance performance in exercise settings involving repeated high-intensity efforts, has been linked to improved skeletal muscle contractile function. Although muscular strength is an important component of explosive movements and sport-specific skills, few studies have quantified indices of muscular strength following NO3− supplementation, particularly isokinetic assessments at different angular velocities. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether dietary NO3− supplementation improves peak torque, as assessed by the gold standard method of isokinetic dynamometry, and if this effect was linked to the angular velocity imposed during the assessment. Dialnet, Directory of Open Access Journals, MEDLINE, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus were searched for articles using the following search strategy: (nitrate OR beet*) AND (supplement* OR nutr* OR diet*) AND (isokinetic OR strength OR “resistance exercise” OR “resistance training” OR “muscular power”). The meta-analysis of data from 5 studies with 60 participants revealed an overall effect size of −0.01 for the effect of nitrate supplementation on isokinetic peak torque, whereas trivial effect sizes ranging from −0.11 to 0.16 were observed for independent velocity-specific (90°/s, 180°/s, 270°/s, and 360°/s) isokinetic peak torque. Four of the five studies indicated that dietary NO3− supplementation is not likely to influence voluntary knee extensor isokinetic torque across a variety of angular velocities. These results suggest that NO3− supplementation does not influence isokinetic peak torque, but further work is required to elucidate the potential of NO3− supplementation to influence other indices of muscular strength, given the dearth of experimental evidence on this topic.

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“…A study performed by Smith et al (2019) concluded that BRJ does not improve high-intensity intermittent exercise performance in different temperatures (temperate, hot and humid) (Smith et al 2019). Isometric midthigh pulls peak force was significantly higher after BRJ consumption in adolescent males (Bender et al 2018). Four other studies found an improvement in the time trial performance (TT) for running and cycling after BRJ supplementation (Lansley, Winyard, Bailey, et al 2011;Muggeridge et al 2014;Shannon et al 2016;Wylie, Mohr, et al 2013).…”

Section: Recreationally Active Menmentioning

confidence: 99%

The benefits and risks of beetroot juice consumption: a systematic review

Zamani

Joode

Hossein

et al. 2020

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Beetroot juice (BRJ) has become increasingly popular amongst athletes aiming to improve sport performances. BRJ contains high concentrations of nitrate, which can be converted into nitric oxide (NO) after consumption. NO has various functions in the human body, including a vasodilatory effect, which reduces blood pressure and increases oxygen-and nutrient delivery to various organs. These effects indicate that BRJ may have relevant applications in prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, the consumption of BRJ also has an impact on oxygen delivery to skeletal muscles, muscle efficiency, tolerance and endurance and may thus have a positive impact on sports performances. Aside from the beneficial aspects of BRJ consumption, there may also be potential health risks. Drinking BRJ may easily increase nitrate intake above the acceptable daily intake, which is known to stimulate the endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOC's), a class of compounds that is known to be carcinogenic and that may also induce several other adverse effects. Compared to studies on the beneficial effects, the amount of data and literature on the negative effects of BRJ is rather limited, and should be increased in order to perform a balanced risk assessment.

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Acute beetroot juice administration improves peak isometric force production in adolescent males

Cited by 28 publications

References 41 publications

Acute Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplements on Resistance Training: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover

Acute Effects of Beetroot Juice Supplements on Resistance Training: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover

The Effect of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Isokinetic Torque in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The benefits and risks of beetroot juice consumption: a systematic review

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