Acute bacterial meningitis among children under 5 years of age in Oman: a retrospective study during 2000-2005

Dash, Nihar Ranjan; Panigrahi, D; Khusaiby, S. Al; Awaidy, Salah Al; Bawikar, Shyam

doi:10.3855/jidc.280

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The rate of detected viruses among aseptic meningitis patients was found to be 40.4%. The incidence rate of aseptic meningitis in the Gulf region ranges from 7.2 to 38% (21,24,25). In this cohort, the most common viral cause of aseptic meningitis was enterovirus (25%), followed by HHV-6 (7.9%); these data corroborate the findings of earlier reports (21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Viruses Causing Aseptic Meningitis: A Tertiary Medical Center Experience With a Multiplex PCR Assay

et al. 2020

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Background: Central nervous system (CNS) infection is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, and despite advancements in molecular testing, aseptic meningitis remains challenging to diagnose. Aseptic meningitis cases are often underreported worldwide, which impacts the quality of patient care. Therefore, we aimed to assess the results of BioFire® FilmArray® meningitis/encephalitis (ME) PCR panel, clinical characteristics, and etiologies of aseptic meningitis patients.Methods: From January 2018 to January 2020, all pediatric and adult patients in a large tertiary medical center who underwent lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing by a ME multiplex PCR panel and who fit the aseptic meningitis definition were retrospectively reviewed.Results: Data were reviewed from 1,607 patients; 240 met the inclusion criteria (54.6% males; 68.8% <4 years of age). The rate of detected viral causes of aseptic meningitis was 40.4%; therefore, 59.6% of the patients remained with unidentified etiology. Among the identified viral meningitis, enterovirus and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) were the most common (25 and 7.9%, respectively). The median length of hospital stay was 6 days, and it was longer in patients with unidentifiable aseptic meningitis (p < 0.0001).Conclusion: Aseptic meningitis is common among suspected meningitis patients, but most cases remained of unknown etiology. The most common identified viruses were enterovirus followed by HHV-6, and there is predominance in males and the pediatric age group. These results highlight that further research is needed to identify other etiologies and possible additional viral pathogens for aseptic meningitis in the current diagnostic methods.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Viruses Causing Aseptic Meningitis: A Tertiary Medical Center Experience With a Multiplex PCR Assay

et al. 2020

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“…This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among children admitted with acute ME (viral and bacterial) to Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital in Aden over the period from January to June 2010. Children were included if they met the following criteria: (11,12) aged between 1 month and 14 years, with at least three suggestive clinical features of acute ME of the following manifestations: fever, seizures, vomiting, alteration of consciousness and neck stiffness, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings indicative of bacterial or viral infection and whose mothers/guardians agreed to give informed consent to participate voluntarily in the study. On the other hand, children were excluded if they were diagnosed on clinical suspicion without performing a lumbar puncture (LP), they had a traumatic LP or left the hospital before data collection, or their CSF was not analyzed.…”

Section: Study Design Setting and Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complications of Acute Meningoencephalitis among Children Admitted to Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital in Aden, Yemen

Bawazeer¹

2019

YJMS

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Objective: To determine the types and frequencies of complications associated with acute meningoencephalitis (ME) among children admitted to hospitals in Aden, Yemen. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 children (1 month-14 years of age) admitted to AL-Wahda Teaching Hospital in Aden with acute ME (viral or bacterial) over the period from January to June 2010. Data were collected using a pre-designed questionnaire, and data were presented as frequencies and percentages and analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Differences or associations between categorical variables were considered statistically significant at P values <0.05. Results: ME complications were significantly higher among children aged less than one year compared to those aged one year or older (58.8% vs. 38.5%, respectively) and among those with bacterial ME compared to those with viral ME (79.2% vs. 30.6%, respectively). The complications were also significantly higher among children with history of illness for three or more days before their admission compared to those having been ill for less than three days (65.8 vs. 22.7%, respectively). In addition, children aged less than two years not exclusively breastfed were more prone to ME complications compared to those exclusively breastfed (93.5% vs. 50.0%, respectively). Increased intracranial pressure (ICP), anemia and hypoglycemia were the three most frequent ME complications among children admitted to Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital, being observed in 53.3%, 50.0% and 43.3% of patients, respectively. Increased ICP was significantly higher among children aged five years or older compared to those aged less than five years (88.9% vs. 47.1%, respectively). In contrast, anemia and hyperglycemia were significantly higher among children aged less than five years (56.9% and 49.0%, respectively) compared to those aged five years or older (11.1% each). Conclusions: ME complications are significantly higher among children aged less than one year, infected with bacterial ME, with history of illness for three or more days before their admission and not exclusively breastfed. Increased ICP, anemia and hypoglycemia are the three most frequent ME complications, particularly among children with bacterial ME in Aden, followed by focal neurological deficits seizures and cranial nerve palsy. Although increased ICP is significantly higher among children aged five years or older, anemia and hyperglycemia are significantly higher among children aged less than five years. Active measures to promote immunization and exclusive breastfeeding along with early diagnosis and proper treatment are highly recommended. Further large-scale studies are required to study the pattern of complications following acute ME among Yemeni children.

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Section: Study Design Setting and Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complications of Acute Meningoencephalitis among Children Admitted to Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital in Aden, Yemen

Bawazeer¹

2019

Yemeni J Med Sci

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Objective: To determine the types and frequencies of complications associated with acute meningoencephalitis (ME) among children admitted to hospitals in Aden, Yemen. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 children (1 month – 14 years of age) admitted to AL-Wahda Teaching Hospital in Aden with acute ME (viral or bacterial) over the period from January to June 2010. Data were collected using a pre-designed questionnaire, and data were presented as frequencies and percentages and analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. Differences or associations between categorical variables were considered statistically significant at P values <0.05. Results: ME complications were significantly higher among children aged less than one year compared to those aged one year or older (58.8% vs. 38.5%, respectively) and among those with bacterial ME compared to those with viral ME (79.2% vs. 30.6%, respectively). The complications were also significantly higher among children with history of illness for three or more days before their admission compared to those having been ill for less than three days (65.8 vs. 22.7%, respectively). In addition, children aged less than two years not exclusively breastfed were more prone to ME complications compared to those exclusively breastfed (93.5% vs. 50.0%, respectively). Increased intracranial pressure (ICP), anemia and hypoglycemia were the three most frequent ME complications among children admitted to Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital, being observed in 53.3%, 50.0% and 43.3% of patients, respectively. Increased ICP was significantly higher among children aged five years or older compared to those aged less than five years (88.9% vs. 47.1%, respectively). In contrast, anemia and hyperglycemia were significantly higher among children aged less than five years (56.9% and 49.0%, respectively) compared to those aged five years or older (11.1% each). Conclusions: ME complications are significantly higher among children aged less than one year, infected with bacterial ME, with history of illness for three or more days before their admission and not exclusively breastfed. Increased ICP, anemia and hypoglycemia are the three most frequent ME complications, particularly among children with bacterial ME in Aden, followed by focal neurological deficits seizures and cranial nerve palsy. Although increased ICP is significantly higher among children aged five years or older, anemia and hyperglycemia are significantly higher among children aged less than five years. Active measures to promote immunization and exclusive breastfeeding along with early diagnosis and proper treatment are highly recommended. Further large-scale studies are required to study the pattern of complications following acute ME among Yemeni children. Keywords: Meningoencephalitis, Complication, Intracranial pressure, Seizure, Focal neurological sign, Cranial nerve palsy, Yemen.

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Acute bacterial meningitis among children under 5 years of age in Oman: a retrospective study during 2000-2005

Abstract: Background: During the last two decades, significant changes have taken place in the epidemiology of meningitis, especially due to the global availability and expanding use of Hib vaccines.

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Viruses Causing Aseptic Meningitis: A Tertiary Medical Center Experience With a Multiplex PCR Assay

Viruses Causing Aseptic Meningitis: A Tertiary Medical Center Experience With a Multiplex PCR Assay

Complications of Acute Meningoencephalitis among Children Admitted to Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital in Aden, Yemen

Complications of Acute Meningoencephalitis among Children Admitted to Al-Wahda Teaching Hospital in Aden, Yemen

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