Acute bacterial meningitis among children, in Manhiça, a rural area in Southern Mozambique

Sigaùque, Betuel; Roca, Anna; Sanz, Sergi; Oliveiras, I.; Martínez, M.; Mandomando, Inácio; Vallès, X.; Espasa, Mateu; Abacassamo, Fátima; Sacarlal, Jahit; Macete, Eusébio; Nhacolo, Ariel; Aponte, John J.; Levine, Myron M.; Alonso, Pedro L.

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2007.01.006

Cited by 30 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This observation is in keeping [2], in which 15% of the patients had culture proven meningitis. However, the latter was performed only in patients aged younger than 15 years living in rural area.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…However, the latter was performed only in patients aged younger than 15 years living in rural area. The previous study also reported that S. pneumoniae, H. influenza, and N. meningitidis were the most common bacteria isolated from the patients presenting with signs of meningitis [2].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Neisseria meningitides, Haemophilus influenza type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most common causes of acute bacterial meningitis in developing countries [2]. Bacterial meningitis caused by H. influenza type b and S. pneumoniae have been declining in the developed countries as result of the introduction of specific vaccines [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Mozambique, very little is known about the extent of burden of disease attributed to community-acquired acute bacterial meningitis [2,19]. The main objective of this study, therefore, was to determine the aetiology of community-acquired acute bacterial meningitis in patients older than one month presenting to the Maputo Central Hospital.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The aetiology of acute community acquired bacterial meningitis in children and adults in Maputo, Mozambique

Zimba¹,

Nota

Langa

et al. 2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Background: Community-acquired acute bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening infection and many outbreaks have been reported all around the world. Methodology: We analysed 330 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples received over a period of eight months from patients older than one month. Microscopy, cultures, identification, and antigen detection were performed for the positive samples. Results: Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b were isolated in 5.4%, 4.8%, and 3.6% of CSF samples respectively. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that N. meningitidis is the most common cause of acute bacterial meningitis in Mozambique and that H. influenzae type b was isolated only from children aged younger than six years. This is the first study to provide data on the aetiological agents of acute bacterial meningitis in children and adults in Mozambique.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The aetiology of acute community acquired bacterial meningitis in children and adults in Maputo, Mozambique

Zimba¹,

Nota

Langa

et al. 2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…When in vitro susceptibility data are available, empirical treatment is re-assessed and changed when necessary, and ceftriaxone, when available, is used in cases of multidrug-resistance. However, there little data are available to monitor antibiotic resistance [16][17][18][19] and support national treatment guidelines. Within a large prospective study designed to characterize the etiology of bacteremia in children admitted to a rural district hospital, 3 we have been able to monitor antibiotic resistance over a five-year period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Trends of Bacteremia Isolates in a Rural Hospital in Southern Mozambique

Mandomando¹,

Sigaùque²,

Morais³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Antibiotic resistance in Africa is increasing but insufficiently recognized as a public health problem. However, there are scarce data for antimicrobial resistance trends among bloodstream isolates in sub-Saharan Africa. Antimicrobial drug resistance trends among bacteria isolated from blood of children < 15 years of age admitted to the Manhiça District Hospital in Mozambique during May 2001–April 2006 were monitored by disk diffusion. We documented a linear trend of increasing resistance throughout the study period to chloramphenicol among isolates of Non-typhi Salmonella (P < 0.001), Escherichia coli (P = 0.002), Staphylococcus aureus (P < 0.001), and Haemophilus influenzae (P < 0.001). Increasing resistance to ampicillin was also observed for H. influenzae isolates (P < 0.001). We report trends of increasing resistance among the most frequent etiologies of bacteremia to the most commonly used antibiotics for empirical therapy in this community. Quinolones and third-generation cephalosporines may be needed in the short term to manage community-acquired infections.

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Global Case Fatality of Bacterial Meningitis During an 80-Year Period

van Ettekoven,

Liechti,

Brouwer

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceThe impact of vaccination, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory treatment on pathogen distribution and outcome of bacterial meningitis over the past century is uncertain.ObjectiveTo describe worldwide pathogen distribution and case fatality ratios of community-acquired bacterial meningitis.Data SourcesGoogle Scholar and MEDLINE were searched in January 2022 using the search terms bacterial meningitis and mortality.Study SelectionIncluded studies reported at least 10 patients with bacterial meningitis and survival status. Studies that selected participants by a specific risk factor, had a mean observation period before 1940, or had more than 10% of patients with health care–associated meningitis, tuberculous meningitis, or missing outcome were excluded.Data Extraction and SynthesisData were extracted by 1 author and verified by a second author. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Random-effects models stratified by age (ie, neonates, children, adults), Human Development Index (ie, low-income or high-income countries), and decade and meta-regression using the study period’s year as an estimator variable were used.Main Outcome and MeasureCase fatality ratios of bacterial meningitis.ResultsThis review included 371 studies performed in 108 countries from January 1, 1935, to December 31, 2019, describing 157 656 episodes. Of the 33 295 episodes for which the patients’ sex was reported, 13 452 (40%) occurred in females. Causative pathogens were reported in 104 598 episodes with Neisseria meningitidis in 26 344 (25%) episodes, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 26 035 (25%) episodes, Haemophilus influenzae in 22 722 (22%), other bacteria in 19 161 (18%) episodes, and unidentified pathogen in 10 336 (10%) episodes. The overall case fatality ratio was 18% (95% CI, 16%-19%), decreasing from 32% (95% CI, 24%-40%) before 1961 to 15% (95% CI, 12%-19%) after 2010. It was highest in meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes at 27% (95% CI, 24%-31%) and pneumococci at 24% (95% CI, 22%-26%), compared with meningitis caused by meningococci at 9% (95% CI, 8%-10%) or H influenzae at 11% (95% CI, 10%-13%). Meta-regression showed decreasing case fatality ratios overall and stratified by S pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, or Streptococcus agalactiae (P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this meta-analysis with meta-regression, declining case fatality ratios of community-acquired bacterial meningitis throughout the last century were observed, but a high burden of disease remained.

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Acute bacterial meningitis among children, in Manhiça, a rural area in Southern Mozambique

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

The aetiology of acute community acquired bacterial meningitis in children and adults in Maputo, Mozambique

The aetiology of acute community acquired bacterial meningitis in children and adults in Maputo, Mozambique

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Trends of Bacteremia Isolates in a Rural Hospital in Southern Mozambique

Global Case Fatality of Bacterial Meningitis During an 80-Year Period

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