Acute appendicitis revealing a diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia

Raza, Ahmad; Ali, Elrazi; Okar, Lina; Elaiwy, Orwa; Abdelrazek, Mohamed; Mulikandathil, Yahya; Yassin, Mohamed A

doi:10.1002/ccr3.3902

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…CML is a hematologic disorder with the overproduction of mature granulocytes. It can present with symptoms or may be discovered during investigations for other complaints [ 10 ]. Others may present with ophthalmologic or urologic complications [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Study

Ali

Khamees

Abu-Tineh

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Background and aims Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the first pandemic wave, SARS-CoV-2 had developed significant changes and mutations that resulted in the emergence of different strains. Each strain varies in its virulence and disease severity. Most reports have shown that the Omicron variant causes mild illness. Little is known about the impact of Omicron in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. We present patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who had infection with the Omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 and their outcomes. Materials and methods Retrospective data from the records of the National Center for Cancer Care and Research from December 20, 2021, to January 30, 2022. Participants were adults over the age of 18 years with Omicron infection who had been diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia according to World Health Organization classifications from 2008 and 2016. Results Eleven patients with chronic myeloid leukemia had Omicron infection. All patients had a mild disease according to the World Health Organization classification of COVID-19 severity. The majority of patients were young males. Conclusions In patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, infection with the Omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 usually results in mild disease not requiring hospitalization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Study

Ali

Khamees

Abu-Tineh

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…Usually, patients present with abdominal distension, early satiety, and fatigue. Others may have atypical presentations and complications like priapism, eye symptoms or abdominal pain, and appendicitis (1)(2)(3). After the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the treatment goals of CML have changed dramatically, and Patients with CML are expected to have a normal life expectancy, and treatment aims for a better quality of life (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and chronic myeloid leukemia: a systematic review

Ali,

Al-Sadi,

Al-maharmeh

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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IntroductionSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus causing the coronavirus disease of 2019. The disease has caused millions of deaths since the first pandemic at the end of 2019. Immunocompromised individuals are more likely to develop severe infections. Numerous mutations had developed in SARS-CoV-2, resulting in strains (Alfa Beta Delta Omicron) with varying degrees of virulence disease severity. In CML (chronic myeloid leukemia) patients, there is a lot of controversy regarding the effect of the treatment on the patient outcome. Some reports suggested potential better outcomes among patients with CML, likely due to the use of TKI; other reports showed no significant effects. Additionally, it is unknown how much protection immunization provides for cancer patients.MethodIn accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards, we conducted a systematic review. Retrospective, prospective studies, reviews, case series, and case reports of chronic myeloid leukemia patients aged above 18 years who had SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. English literature was screened using PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. Search terms include chronic myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We searched the reference lists of the included studies for any new articles. The search included all articles published up to April 20, 2023. The review is registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42022326674).ResultsWe reviewed 33 articles of available published literature up to April 2023 and collected data from a total of 682 CML patients with COVID-19. Most patients were in the chronic phase, seven were in the accelerated phase, and eight were in the blast phase. Disease severity was classified according to WHO criteria. Mortality was seen in 45 patients, and there were no reports of thrombotic events. Two hundred seventy-seven patients were in the era before vaccination; among them, eight were in the intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality was 30 (11%). There were 405 patients after the era of vaccination; among them, death was reported in 15 (4%) patients and ICU in 13 patients.Limitations and conclusionThe major limitation of this review is the lack of details about the use or hold of TKIs during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additionally, after the appearance of the different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, few studies mentioned the variant of the virus, which makes it difficult to compare the outcome of the other variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in patients with CML. Despite the limitations of the study, CML patients with COVID-19 have no significant increase in mortality compared to other hematological malignancy. Hematological cancers are associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, which is expected to increase in patients with COVID-19. However, patient with CML has not been reported to have a significant increase in thrombosis risk. The available data indicates that COVID-19’s effect on patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) still needs to be better understood due to the limited data.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php? RecordID:326674.

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“…Patients with CML usually present with nonspecific symptoms like fever, fatigue, and abdominal discomfort; many are discovered during routine investigations with elevated white blood cell count. Other unusual presentations of CML include priapism, abdominal pain or eye symptoms, or urologic manifestation [ 1 , 2 ]. Among the different presentations and complications, myeloid sarcoma is a rare way for CML to present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloid Sarcoma Mimicking Dental Abscess in a Patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma

et al. 2022

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Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy that has significant improvement in its prognosis after the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Transformation to accelerated phase or blast phase can happen. Myeloid sarcoma or chloroma is an uncommon extramedullary disease. It is very unusual for patients with CML to develop myeloid sarcoma. We report a young man with CML in the chronic phase who developed myeloid sarcoma. There were many difficulties in the diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma due to the simulation of other more common conditions like infections and other malignancies. In addition, there are treatment challenges because of lack of standardized treatment. The case shed light on this rare complication, the challenging diagnosis, and its implication in patients with CML.

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Acute appendicitis revealing a diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia

Abstract: Gastrointestinal manifestations of leukemias have been well recognized. Typically, acute leukemias cause typhlitis or appendicitis more commonly than chronic leukemias. Our case points to appendicitis as possible manifestation of chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Study

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Study

SARS-CoV-2 and chronic myeloid leukemia: a systematic review

Myeloid Sarcoma Mimicking Dental Abscess in a Patient with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma

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