Acute appendicitis in children is associated with an abundance of bacteria from the phylum Fusobacteria

Zhong, Diana; Brower–Sinning, Rachel; Firek, Brian; Morowitz, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.06.026

Cited by 91 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Among these, in HLA-B27 positive ERA patients we found Bilophila , a sulphite-reducing bacterium known to be involved in murine colitis (Devkota et al, 2012) and in intestinal inflammatory disorders in humans (Loubinoux et al, 2002; Rowan et al, 2009), via H 2 S production promoting intestinal inflammation. Parvimonas was commonly observed in periodontitis and appendicitis (Zhong et al, 2014), and Oscillibacter was shown to be involved in gut barrier integrity in mice (Lam et al, 2012). In HLA-B27 negative-ERA patients, we found Haemophilus and Eggerthella , recently associated with rheumatoid arthritis (Zhang et al, 2015; Chen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of Fecal Microbiota Profiles in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Associations with HLA-B27 Allele and Disease Status

et al. 2016

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Alteration of gut microbiota is involved in several chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, and gut microbial “pro-arthritogenic” profiles have been hypothesized. Intestinal inflammation may be involved in spondyloarthropathies and in a subset of patients affected by Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), the most common chronic rheumatic disease of childhood. We compared the fecal microbiota composition of JIA patients with healthy subjects (HS), evaluating differences in microbial profiles between sub-categories of JIA, such as enthesitis-related arthritis (JIA-ERA), in which inflammation of entheses occurs, and polyarticular JIA, non-enthesitis related arthritis (JIA-nERA). Through taxon-level analysis, we discovered alteration of fecal microbiota components that could be involved in subclinical gut inflammation, and promotion of joint inflammation. We observed abundance in Ruminococcaceae in both JIA categories, reduction in Clostridiaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae in JIA-ERA, and increase in Veillonellaceae in JIA-nERA, respectively, compared with HS. Among the more relevant genera, we found an increase in Clostridium cluster XIVb, involved in colitis and arthritis, in JIA-ERA patients compared with HS, and a trend of decrease in Faecalibacterium, known for anti-inflammatory properties, in JIA-nERA compared with JIA-ERA and HS. Differential abundant taxa identified JIA patients for the HLA-B27 allele, including Bilophila, Clostridium cluster XIVb, Oscillibacter, and Parvimonas. Prediction analysis of metabolic functions showed that JIA-ERA metagenome was differentially enriched in bacterial functions related to cell motility and chemotaxis, suggesting selection of potential virulence traits. We also discovered differential microbial profiles and intra-group variability among active disease and remission, suggesting instability of microbial ecosystem in autoimmune diseases with respect to healthy status. Similarly to other chronic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, different microbial profiles, as observed among different JIA subgroups compared to HS, and potential functional acquisition related to migration, could promote inflammation and contribute to the disease pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of Fecal Microbiota Profiles in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Associations with HLA-B27 Allele and Disease Status

et al. 2016

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“…Severe infections caused by Fusobacterium are reported in the head and neck [9,15,16], pulmonary [17], intracranial [18], gastrointestinal [19], osteoarticular [20,21], urogenital [22], in the skin and soft tissue [4] and as neonatal bacteremia [2]. Mild infections, including uncomplicated acute pharyngitis are, however, also reported [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections caused by Fusobacterium in children: a 14-year single-center experience

et al. 2015

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“…First, it is possible that the appendectomy results in an altered intestinal microbiome that also has a protective effect on ulcerative colitis. Secondly and supported by emerging data, there is recognition of a distinct microbiome in the appendix particularly in the context of appendicitis 26–28 . This suggests that perhaps a microbiome composition predisposing to appendicitis may be protective against UC.…”

Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Environmental Risk Factors for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Review

2014

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic immunologically mediated diseases. The key mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases is a dysregulated immune response to commensal flora in a genetically susceptible host. Thus intestinal microbial dysbiosis, host genetics, and the external environment all play an important role in the development of incident disease and in determining subsequent disease behavior and outcomes. There are several well-defined or putative environmental risk factors including cigarette smoking, appendectomy, diet, stress and depression, vitamin D as well as hormonal influence. The effect of some of the risk factors appears to differ between CD and UC suggesting that despite shared genetic and immunologic mechanisms, distinct pathways of pathogenesis exist. There is a growing body of literature identifying risk factors for incident disease. There is less rigorous literature defining triggers of relapse, and few controlled clinical trials examining if modification of such risk factors results in an improvement in patient outcomes. This is an area of considerable patient, physician, and scientific interest, and there is an important unmet need for rigorous studies of the external environment in disease pathogenesis and subsequent course.

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Acute appendicitis in children is associated with an abundance of bacteria from the phylum Fusobacteria

Cited by 91 publications

References 26 publications

Alteration of Fecal Microbiota Profiles in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Associations with HLA-B27 Allele and Disease Status

Alteration of Fecal Microbiota Profiles in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Associations with HLA-B27 Allele and Disease Status

Infections caused by Fusobacterium in children: a 14-year single-center experience

Environmental Risk Factors for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Review

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